Dark Matter as a Non-Relativistic Bose–Einstein Condensate with Massive Gravitons

We confront a non-relativistic Bose–Einstein Condensate (BEC) model of light bosons interacting gravitationally either through a Newtonian or a Yukawa potential with the observed rotational curves of 12 dwarf galaxies. The baryonic component is modeled as an axisymmetric exponential disk and its cha...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Symmetry (Basel) 2018-10, Vol.10 (10), p.520
Main Authors: Kun, Emma, Keresztes, Zoltán, Das, Saurya, Gergely, László Á.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Baryons
Bose-Einstein condensates
Bosons
Chemical potential
Condensates
Confidence intervals
Cosmology
Dark energy
Dark matter
Dwarf galaxies
galactic rotation curve
Gravitational waves
Gravitons
Gravity
Luminosity
Organic chemistry
Particle mass
Physics
Quantum field theory
Relativism
Relativistic effects
Stars & galaxies
Universe
Yukawa potential
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Summary:We confront a non-relativistic Bose–Einstein Condensate (BEC) model of light bosons interacting gravitationally either through a Newtonian or a Yukawa potential with the observed rotational curves of 12 dwarf galaxies. The baryonic component is modeled as an axisymmetric exponential disk and its characteristics are derived from the surface luminosity profile of the galaxies. The purely baryonic fit is unsatisfactory, hence a dark matter component is clearly needed. The rotational curves of five galaxies could be explained with high confidence level by the BEC model. For these galaxies, we derive: (i) upper limits for the allowed graviton mass; and (ii) constraints on a velocity-type and a density-type quantity characterizing the BEC, both being expressed in terms of the BEC particle mass, scattering length and chemical potential. The upper limit for the graviton mass is of the order of 10 - 26 eV/c2, three orders of magnitude stronger than the limit derived from recent gravitational wave detections.
ISSN:2073-8994
2073-8994
DOI:10.3390/sym10100520