Molecular Biology of Spermatogenesis: Novel Targets of Apparently Idiopathic Male Infertility

Male infertility affects half of infertile couples and, currently, a relevant percentage of cases of male infertility is considered as idiopathic. Although the male contribution to human fertilization has traditionally been restricted to sperm DNA, current evidence suggest that a relevant number of...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of molecular sciences 2020-03, Vol.21 (5), p.1728
Main Authors: Cannarella, Rossella, Condorelli, Rosita A, Mongioì, Laura M, La Vignera, Sandro, Calogero, Aldo E
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biology
Chromosomes
Deoxyribonucleic acid
Diagnostic systems
DNA
DNA Fragmentation
DNA methylation
embryo growth
Embryos
Enzymes
Female
Fertilization
Gametocytes
Gene expression
Genomes
Humans
Infertility
Infertility, Male - genetics
Infertility, Male - metabolism
Male
male infertility
Mammals
Molecular biology
Motility
Oocytes - metabolism
Oocytes - physiology
Pathogenesis
Physiology
Proteins
recurrent pregnancy loss
Review
Sperm
sperm proteome
sperm transcriptome
Spermatogenesis
Spermatogenesis - genetics
Spermatogenesis - physiology
spermatogenetic failure
Spermatozoa - metabolism
Spermatozoa - physiology
Stem cells
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Summary:Male infertility affects half of infertile couples and, currently, a relevant percentage of cases of male infertility is considered as idiopathic. Although the male contribution to human fertilization has traditionally been restricted to sperm DNA, current evidence suggest that a relevant number of sperm transcripts and proteins are involved in acrosome reactions, sperm‒oocyte fusion and, once released into the oocyte, embryo growth and development. The aim of this review is to provide updated and comprehensive insight into the molecular biology of spermatogenesis, including evidence on spermatogenetic failure and underlining the role of the sperm-carried molecular factors involved in oocyte fertilization and embryo growth. This represents the first step in the identification of new possible diagnostic and, possibly, therapeutic markers in the field of apparently idiopathic male infertility.
ISSN:1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms21051728