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Use of ultrasound for gastric volume evaluation after ingestion of different volumes of isotonic solution

The current preoperative fasting guidelines allow fluid intake up to 2h before surgery. The aim of this study was to evaluate the gastric volume of volunteers after an overnight fast and compare it with the gastric volume 2h after ingestion of 200 and 500mL of isotonic solution, by means of ultrasou...

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Published in:Brazilian journal of anesthesiology (Elsevier) 2017-07, Vol.67 (4), p.376-382
Main Authors: Bisinotto, Flora Margarida Barra, Naves, Aline de Araújo, Lima, Hellen Moreira de, Peixoto, Ana Cristina Abdu, Maia, Gisele Caetano, Junior, Paulo Pacheco Resende, Martins, Laura Bisinotto, Silveira, Luciano A. Matias da
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Language:English
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Summary:The current preoperative fasting guidelines allow fluid intake up to 2h before surgery. The aim of this study was to evaluate the gastric volume of volunteers after an overnight fast and compare it with the gastric volume 2h after ingestion of 200 and 500mL of isotonic solution, by means of ultrasound assessment. Eighty volunteers underwent gastric ultrasound at three times: after 8h of fasting; 2h after ingestion of 200mL isotonic saline, followed by the first scan; and on another day, 2h after ingestion of 500mL of the same solution after an overnight fast. The evaluation was quantitative (antrum area and gastric volume, and the ratio of participants’ gastric volume/weight) and qualitative (absence or presence of gastric contents on right lateral decubitus and supine positions. A p-value0.05). Five volunteers (6.25%) had a volume/weight over 1.5mLkg−1 at fasting and 2h after ingestion of 200mL and 6 (7.5%) after 500mL. Qualitatively, the presence of gastric fluid occurred in more volunteers after fluid ingestion, especially 500mL (18.7%), although not statistically significant. Ultrasound assessment of gastric volume showed no significant difference, both qualitative and quantitative, 2h after ingestion of 200mL or 500mL of isotonic solution compared to fasting, although gastric fluid content has been identified in more volunteers, especially after ingestion of 500mL isotonic solution. As diretrizes recentes de jejum pré-operatório permitem a ingestão de líquidos até 2 horas antes da cirurgia. O objetivo do presente estudo foi, por meio de ultrassonografia gástrica, avaliar o volume gástrico de voluntários após jejum noturno e comparar com o volume gástrico duas horas após a ingestão de 200 e 500ml de solução isotônica. Foram submetidos à ultrassonografia gástrica 80 voluntários em três momentos: após jejum de 8horas; 2horas após a ingestão de 200ml de solução isotônica, seguida do primeiro exame; e, em outro dia, 2horas após a ingestão de 500ml da mesma solução, após jejum noturno. A avaliação foi quantitativa (área do antro e volume gástricos e relação volume gástrico/peso dos participantes) e qualitativa, pela ausência ou presença de conteúdo gástrico nas posições de decúbito lateral direito e supina. Foi considerado significante p0,05). Cinco voluntários (6,2
ISSN:0104-0014
1806-907X
0104-0014
DOI:10.1016/j.bjane.2017.03.001