Preharvest treatment with 1-aminoethoxyvinylglycine and gibberellin on the quality and physiology of cashew peduncles

• Published in: Pesquisa agropecuaria brasileira 2018-06, Vol.53 (6), p.684-692
• Main Authors: Souza, Kellina Oliveira de, Xavier, Cícera Vanuza, Lopes, Mônica Maria de Almeida, Moura, Carlos Farley Herbster, Silva, Ebenezer Oliveira, Ayala-Zavala, Jesus Fernando, Miranda, Maria Raquel Alcântara de
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE; AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY; Anacardium occidentale; AVG; GA3; phenolic compounds
• ISSN: 0100-204X; 1678-3921; 1678-3921
• DOI: 10.1590/s0100-204x2018000600004

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of the preharvest treatment with gibberellic acid (GA3) and aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG) on the quality and physiological attributes of ripe 'CCP 76' cashew (Anacardium occidentale) peduncles at different developmental stages. Sprays of 180 mg L-1 GA3 and 180 mg L-1 AVG were applied, combined and isolated, at 34, 40, and 44 days after anthesis (DAA), and peduncles were harvested ripe at 46 DAA and evaluated for physical and physiological variables. The treatment with GA3 resulted in firmer peduncles with a greater apical diameter, but did not affect the physiological variables activity of the pectin methylesterase and polygalacturonase cell wall enzymes and degree of lipid peroxidation of the biological membranes, nor the physical attributes total mass (peduncles and nut) and nut size. At early developmental stages (34 DAA), GA3 increased the activity of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase and catalase, and, at later stages (40 DAA), promoted polyphenol and carotenoid accumulation. The application of AVG at the final stages (44 DAA) provided greater total antioxidant activity, despite the lower ascorbate peroxidase activity. The application of GA3 pre-harvest increases the firmness and diameter of the cashew peduncles, and the treatment with AVG increases the total antioxidant activity of the peduncles. Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito do tratamento pré-colheita com ácido giberélico (GA3) e 1-aminoetoxivinilglicina (AVG) nos atributos de qualidade e fisiológicos de pedúnculos maduros de cajueiro (Anacardium occidentale) 'CCP 76', em diferentes estádios de desenvolvimento. Foram realizadas pulverizações com 180 mg L-1 GA3 e 180 mg L-1 AVG, combinadas e isoladas, aos 34, 40 e 44 dias após a antese (DAA), e os pedúnculos foram colhidos maduros aos 46 DAA para avaliações de variáveis físicas e fisiológicas. O tratamento com GA3 proporcionou pedúnculos mais firmes e com maior diâmetro apical, mas não influenciou as variáveis fisiológicas atividades das enzimas pectinametilesterase e poligalacturonase da parede celular e grau de peroxidação lipídica das membranas biológicas, nem os atributos físicos massa total (pedúnculo e castanha) e comprimento e largura da castanha. Em estádios iniciais (34 DAA), GA3 aumentou a atividade das enzimas antioxidantes superóxido dismutase e catalase, e, nos finais (40 DAA), promoveu o acúmulo de polifenóis e carotenoides. A aplicação de AVG, ao