The Protective Potential of Aronia melanocarpa L. Berry Extract against Cadmium-Induced Kidney Damage: A Study in an Animal Model of Human Environmental Exposure to This Toxic Element

The impact of cadmium (Cd) on the function and structure of the kidney and the potential protective effect of an extract from L. berries were investigated in a rat model of low- and moderate-level environmental exposure to this heavy metal (1 and 5 mg Cd/kg feed for up to 24 months). The sensitive b...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of molecular sciences 2023-07, Vol.24 (14), p.11647
Main Authors: Smereczański, Nazar M, Brzóska, Małgorzata M, Rogalska, Joanna, Hutsch, Tomasz
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biomarkers
Bones
cadmium
Collagen
Creatinine
Deoxyribonucleic acid
DNA
Exocrine glands
glomerular damage
Heavy metals
Intoxication
kidney
Liver
Morphology
nephrotoxicity
Oxidative stress
Polyphenols
Proteins
tubular damage
Urine
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Summary:The impact of cadmium (Cd) on the function and structure of the kidney and the potential protective effect of an extract from L. berries were investigated in a rat model of low- and moderate-level environmental exposure to this heavy metal (1 and 5 mg Cd/kg feed for up to 24 months). The sensitive biomarkers of Cd-induced damage to the kidney tubules (N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), β2-microglobulin (β2-MG), and kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) in the urine), clinically relevant early markers of glomerular damage (albumin in the urine and creatinine clearance), and other markers of the general functional status of this organ (urea, uric acid, and total protein in the serum and/or urine) and Cd concentration in the urine, were evaluated. The morphological structure of the kidney and inflammatory markers (chemerin, macrophage inflammatory protein 1 alpha (MIP1a), and Bcl2-associated X protein (Bax)) were also estimated. Low-level and moderate exposure to Cd led to damage to the function and structure of the kidney tubules and glomeruli. The co-administration of berry extract significantly protected against the injurious impact of this toxic element. In conclusion, even low-level, long-term exposure to Cd poses a risk of kidney damage, whereas an intake of Aronia berry products may effectively protect from this outcome.
ISSN:1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms241411647