A Dynamic Network of Proteins Facilitate Cell Envelope Biogenesis in Gram-Negative Bacteria

Bacteria must maintain the ability to modify and repair the peptidoglycan layer without jeopardising its essential functions in cell shape, cellular integrity and intermolecular interactions. A range of new experimental techniques is bringing an advanced understanding of how bacteria regulate and ac...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of molecular sciences 2021-11, Vol.22 (23), p.12831
Main Authors: Graham, Chris L B, Newman, Hector, Gillett, Francesca N, Smart, Katie, Briggs, Nicholas, Banzhaf, Manuel, Roper, David I
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Bacteria
Bacterial Proteins - metabolism
Biosynthesis
Cell cycle
Cell division
Cell Membrane - metabolism
Cell size
Cell Wall - metabolism
Codependency
Cytoskeleton
E coli
Elongation
envelope
Enzymes
Escherichia coli
Genes
Gram-negative bacteria
Gram-Negative Bacteria - metabolism
interactions
Localization
network
outer membrane
Penicillin
Penicillin-Binding Proteins - metabolism
Peptides
peptidoglycan
Peptidoglycan - metabolism
Peptidoglycans
Periplasmic Proteins - metabolism
Protein interaction
Proteins
Regulation
Review
Sporulation
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Summary:Bacteria must maintain the ability to modify and repair the peptidoglycan layer without jeopardising its essential functions in cell shape, cellular integrity and intermolecular interactions. A range of new experimental techniques is bringing an advanced understanding of how bacteria regulate and achieve peptidoglycan synthesis, particularly in respect of the central role played by complexes of Sporulation, Elongation or Division (SEDs) and class B penicillin-binding proteins required for cell division, growth and shape. In this review we highlight relationships implicated by a bioinformatic approach between the outer membrane, cytoskeletal components, periplasmic control proteins, and cell elongation/division proteins to provide further perspective on the interactions of these cell division, growth and shape complexes. We detail the network of protein interactions that assist in the formation of peptidoglycan and highlight the increasingly dynamic and connected set of protein machinery and macrostructures that assist in creating the cell envelope layers in Gram-negative bacteria.
ISSN:1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms222312831