Brain RFamide Neuropeptides in Stress-Related Psychopathologies

The RFamide peptide family is a group of proteins that share a common C-terminal arginine-phenylalanine-amide motif. To date, the family comprises five groups in mammals: neuropeptide FF, LPXRFamides/RFamide-related peptides, prolactin releasing peptide, QRFP, and kisspeptins. Different RFamide pept...

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Published in:Cells (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2024-06, Vol.13 (13), p.1097
Main Authors: Kovács, Anita, Szabó, Evelin, László, Kristóf, Kertes, Erika, Zagorácz, Olga, Mintál, Kitti, Tóth, Attila, Gálosi, Rita, Berta, Bea, Lénárd, László, Hormay, Edina, László, Bettina, Zelena, Dóra, Tóth, Zsuzsanna E
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
anxiety
Brain - metabolism
Brain - pathology
Catecholamines
coexpression
depression
Energy balance
G protein-coupled receptors
GPCR
Homeostasis
HPA
Humans
Hypothalamus
Mental disorders
Nervous system
Neuralgia
Neuromodulation
Neuropeptides
Neuropeptides - metabolism
Peptides
Pharmaceutical industry
Physiology
Post traumatic stress disorder
Prolactin
Psychopathology
Receptor mechanisms
Stress response
Stress, Psychological - metabolism
Therapeutic targets
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Description
Summary:The RFamide peptide family is a group of proteins that share a common C-terminal arginine-phenylalanine-amide motif. To date, the family comprises five groups in mammals: neuropeptide FF, LPXRFamides/RFamide-related peptides, prolactin releasing peptide, QRFP, and kisspeptins. Different RFamide peptides have their own cognate receptors and are produced by different cell populations, although they all can also bind to neuropeptide FF receptors with different affinities. RFamide peptides function in the brain as neuropeptides regulating key aspects of homeostasis such as energy balance, reproduction, and cardiovascular function. Furthermore, they are involved in the organization of the stress response including modulation of pain. Considering the interaction between stress and various parameters of homeostasis, the role of RFamide peptides may be critical in the development of stress-related neuropathologies. This review will therefore focus on the role of RFamide peptides as possible key hubs in stress and stress-related psychopathologies. The neurotransmitter coexpression profile of RFamide-producing cells is also discussed, highlighting its potential functional significance. The development of novel pharmaceutical agents for the treatment of stress-related disorders is an ongoing need. Thus, the importance of RFamide research is underlined by the emergence of peptidergic and G-protein coupled receptor-based therapeutic targets in the pharmaceutical industry.
ISSN:2073-4409
2073-4409
DOI:10.3390/cells13131097