Rare Combined Congenital Pulmonary and Cardiovascular Malformations Revealed by Acute Hemoptysis

Background. Lung sequestration is a subtype of congenital lung malformations; it is infrequently diagnosed in adults and is a rare cause of hemoptysis. The typical management of symptomatic lung sequestration is usually surgical, though intra-arterial embolization is becoming an acceptable alternati...

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Published in:Case reports in pulmonology 2024-05, Vol.2024, p.1428495-4
Main Authors: Siblani, Dima, Abi Chedid, Ghassan, Challita, Samir, el Zoghbi, Sylvana, Le Bon Chami, Béatrice
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Asymptomatic
Case Report
Communication
Congenital diseases
Coronary vessels
Embolization
Genetic disorders
Hemoptysis
Medical imaging
Multidisciplinary teams
Pneumonia
Thoracic surgery
Veins & arteries
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Summary:Background. Lung sequestration is a subtype of congenital lung malformations; it is infrequently diagnosed in adults and is a rare cause of hemoptysis. The typical management of symptomatic lung sequestration is usually surgical, though intra-arterial embolization is becoming an acceptable alternative. Case Presentation. We report a case of a 36-year-old female patient who presented for an acute onset of hemoptysis. CT chest showed an intralobar sequestration of the right lower lobe lung segment. In addition to the sequestration, the chest imaging also revealed a number of associated abnormalities including double superior vena cava communicating through a bridge, absence of brachiocephalic venous trunk, cardiac dextroposition, and agenesis of the right middle lobe. Outcome and Discussion. The transarterial embolization was selected for being mini-invasive and effective. It successfully controlled the bleed and led to complete regression of the sequestered lung on the follow-up CT chest several months later. Conclusion. Successful management and complete regression are possible with mini-invasive intra-arterial embolization of lung sequestration. Although it is not uncommon to have associated congenital cardiopulmonary abnormalities with lung sequestration, however the exceptional abnormalities described in this case have never been reported before.
ISSN:2090-6846
2090-6854
DOI:10.1155/2024/1428495