Protocol for updated systematic review and meta-analysis on the burden of non-communicable diseases among people living with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa

• Published in: BMJ open 2022-05, Vol.12 (5), p.e055895
• Main Authors: Moyo, Maureen, Musekiwa, Alfred
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Acquired immune deficiency syndrome; Adolescent; Adult; Africa South of the Sahara - epidemiology; AIDS; Cardiovascular Diseases; Chronic airways disease; Coronaviruses; COVID-19; Diabetes; Diabetes Mellitus - epidemiology; General diabetes; HIV; HIV & AIDS; HIV Infections - epidemiology; Human immunodeficiency virus; Humans; Hypertension; MENTAL HEALTH; Meta-analysis; Meta-Analysis as Topic; Noncommunicable Diseases - epidemiology; ONCOLOGY; Prevalence; Public Health; Systematic review; Systematic Reviews as Topic
• ISSN: 2044-6055; 2044-6055
• DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-055895

IntroductionSub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is faced with the dual epidemics of HIV/AIDS and non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Cardiovascular diseases, cancers, chronic respiratory diseases, diabetes and mental illnesses are the five major NCDs, causing death globally with low-income and middle-income countries, contributing 78% of all NCD deaths and 85% of premature deaths. There has been increased interest in the integration of HIV and NCDs care, especially in SSA that accounts for 55% of people living with HIV (PLHIV) globally. This systematic review and meta-analysis will estimate the overall prevalence or incidence of NCDs (or its risk factors) among adults living with HIV in SSA.Methods and analysisThe Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines will be used. Two authors will independently screen the title and abstracts of the articles identified from the search. Study participants will be any adult (≥18 years old) living with HIV in SSA. Exposure of interest will be HIV (with or without ART). Outcomes of interest are prevalence or incidence of any NCD/NCD risk factors. A random-effects meta-analysis will be used to estimate pooled prevalence or incidence of the five major NCDs among PLHIV, using Stata software. χ2 test and I2 statistic will be used to measure statistical heterogeneity between studies. If there is significant heterogeneity, subgroup analysis will be used to investigate potential sources. Publication bias will be assessed using funnel plots and the Stata ‘metabias’ command.Ethics and disseminationEthical review will not be required because it is a systematic review. Data will be kept in the institutional data repository. Study findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications and conference presentations.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42021258769.