CFD Study and Regression Analysis of the MHD Mixed Convection of CNT-Water Nanofluid in a Vented Rounded Edge Rectangular Cavity Having Inner Vertical Rod Bundle

• Published in: Mathematics (Basel) 2024-12, Vol.12 (23), p.3677
• Main Authors: Aich, Walid, Hilali-Jaghdam, Inès, Alshahrani, Amnah, Maatki, Chemseddine, Alshammari, Badr M., Kolsi, Lioua
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Analysis; Carbon nanotubes; CNT/water nanofluid; Computational fluid dynamics; Convective heat transfer; Efficiency; Finite element method; Fluid dynamics; Fluid flow; Free convection; Hartmann number; Heat conductivity; Heat exchange; Heat transfer; Investigations; magnetic field; Magnetic fields; Magnetohydrodynamics; MHD mixed convection; Nanofluids; Nanoparticles; Nanotubes; Parameters; Polynomials; Regression analysis; Regression models; Reynolds number; Richardson number; Rods; Temperature distribution; Thermal management; Three dimensional analysis; three-dimensional CFD; vented rounded edge cavity; vertical rod bundle; Water
• ISSN: 2227-7390; 2227-7390
• DOI: 10.3390/math12233677

This current work provides a comprehensive Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) investigation of three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) mixed convection of carbon nanotube (CNT)-water nanofluid within a vented rectangular cavity featuring an internal vertical rod bundle with circular, square, and triangular cross-sections. The finite element method (FEM) was used to investigate the effects of key parameters, including the Richardson number (0.01 ≤ Ri ≤ 10), Hartmann number (0 ≤ Ha ≤ 100), and CNT nanoparticle concentration (0 ≤ ϕ ≤ 0.045), in relation to fluid flow and heat transfer performance. The CNT nanoparticle incorporation increases the nanofluid’s heat transfer capacity by up to 22%, with the highest average Nusselt number (Nuav) achieved with circular rods at ϕ = 0.045, which corresponds to the higher convective heat transfer efficiency. The magnetic field further stabilizes the flow by reducing thermal convection irregularities, with a 15% improvement in temperature distribution uniformity when Ha = 100. The investigation’s outcomes reveal that due to their smoother geometries, the circular rods exhibit better thermal exchange rates compared to square and triangular rods. Moreover, a polynomial regression model is used to correlate the governing parameters and heat transfer rates, and it achieves a high R2 of 0.964. These findings highlight the potential of CNT-water nanofluid and magnetic field applications for thermal management optimization in various engineering systems.