Bioenergetics and Reactive Nitrogen Species in Bacteria

The production of reactive nitrogen species (RNS) by the innate immune system is part of the host's defense against invading pathogenic bacteria. In this review, we summarize recent studies on the molecular basis of the effects of nitric oxide and peroxynitrite on microbial respiration and ener...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of molecular sciences 2022-06, Vol.23 (13), p.7321
Main Authors: Borisov, Vitaliy B, Forte, Elena
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Bacteria
Bacteria - metabolism
bacterial pathogen
Bioenergetics
Cytochrome
Cytochromes - metabolism
electron transport chain
Energy conservation
Energy Metabolism
Enzymes
Genomes
host defense
human health
Immune system
Infectious diseases
Innate immunity
Microorganisms
molecular bioenergetics
Molecular modelling
Nitric oxide
Nitrogen dioxide
Oxidation
Oxidoreductases - metabolism
Pathogens
Physiology
Reactive Nitrogen Species
Reductases
Review
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Summary:The production of reactive nitrogen species (RNS) by the innate immune system is part of the host's defense against invading pathogenic bacteria. In this review, we summarize recent studies on the molecular basis of the effects of nitric oxide and peroxynitrite on microbial respiration and energy conservation. We discuss possible molecular mechanisms underlying RNS resistance in bacteria mediated by unique respiratory oxygen reductases, the mycobacterial - supercomplex, and -type cytochromes. A complete picture of the impact of RNS on microbial bioenergetics is not yet available. However, this research area is developing very rapidly, and the knowledge gained should help us develop new methods of treating infectious diseases.
ISSN:1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms23137321