Get in Touch With Dendritic Epithelial T Cells

Innate and adaptive immune systems continuously interchange information and orchestrate their immune responses to protect the host. γδT cells play crucial roles, as they incorporate both innate and adaptive immune characteristics. Dendritic epidermal T cells (DETC) are specialized γδT cells, which a...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Frontiers in immunology 2020-07, Vol.11, p.1656-1656
Main Authors: Thelen, Flavian, Witherden, Deborah A
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
activation
Adaptive Immunity
Animals
Cell Communication
Cellular Microenvironment
costimulation
DETC
Embryonic Development
Epidermal Cells - immunology
Epidermal Cells - metabolism
epidermis
Epidermis - immunology
Epidermis - metabolism
epithelial
Humans
Immunity, Innate
Immunology
Intraepithelial Lymphocytes - immunology
Intraepithelial Lymphocytes - metabolism
Phenotype
Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta - immunology
Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta - metabolism
Signal Transduction
Thymus Gland - embryology
Thymus Gland - immunology
Thymus Gland - metabolism
γδT cell
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Summary:Innate and adaptive immune systems continuously interchange information and orchestrate their immune responses to protect the host. γδT cells play crucial roles, as they incorporate both innate and adaptive immune characteristics. Dendritic epidermal T cells (DETC) are specialized γδT cells, which are uniquely positioned to rapidly respond to skin wounds and infections. Their elongated dendrite morphology allows them to be in continuous contact with multiple neighboring keratinocytes and Langerhans cells. Cellular interactions are fundamental to the formation, activation and maintenance of immune cell functions during steady state and pathology. Recent technological advances, especially in the field of cellular imaging, have contributed greatly to the characterization of complex cellular interactions in a spatiotemporally resolved manner. In this review, we will highlight the often-underappreciated function of DETC and other γδT cells during steady state and an ongoing immune response. More specifically, we discuss how DETC-precursors are shaped in the fetal thymus during embryogenesis as well as how direct cell-cell interactions of DETC with neighboring epidermal cells shape skin homeostasis and effector functions. Furthermore, we will discuss seminal work and recent discoveries made in the γδT cell field, which have highlighted the importance of γδT cells in the skin, both in humans and mice.
ISSN:1664-3224
1664-3224
DOI:10.3389/fimmu.2020.01656