The Effect of Zero-Valent Iron Nanoparticles (nZVI) on Bacteriophages

Bacteriophages are viruses that attack and usually kill bacteria. Their appearance in the industrial facilities using bacteria to produce active compounds (e.g., drugs, food, cosmetics, etc.) causes considerable financial losses. Instances of bacteriophage resistance towards disinfectants and decont...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Viruses 2022-04, Vol.14 (5), p.867
Main Authors: Raza, Sada, Folga, Michał, Łoś, Marcin, Foltynowicz, Zenon, Paczesny, Jan
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adsorption
antiviral
Aqueous solutions
Bacteria
bacteriophage inactivation
Bacteriophages
Chloride
Cosmetics
Decontamination
Disinfectants
disinfection
Disinfection & disinfectants
Ions
Iron
iron-based nanoparticles
Laboratories
Nanoparticles
nZVI
Phages
Photocatalysis
Redox reactions
Virions
Viruses
Zinc oxides
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Summary:Bacteriophages are viruses that attack and usually kill bacteria. Their appearance in the industrial facilities using bacteria to produce active compounds (e.g., drugs, food, cosmetics, etc.) causes considerable financial losses. Instances of bacteriophage resistance towards disinfectants and decontamination procedures (such as thermal inactivation and photocatalysis) have been reported. There is a pressing need to explore new ways of phage inactivation that are environmentally neutral, inexpensive, and more efficient. Here, we study the effect of zero-valent iron nanoparticles (nZVI) on four different bacteriophages (T4, T7, MS2, M13). The reduction of plaque-forming units (PFU) per mL varies from greater than 7log to around 0.5log depending on bacteriophages (M13 and T7, respectively). A comparison of the importance of oxidation of nZVI versus the release of Fe /Fe ions is shown. The mechanism of action is proposed in connection to redox reactions, adsorption of virions on nZVI, and the effect of released iron ions. The nZVI constitutes a critical addition to available antiphagents (i.e., anti-bacteriophage agents).
ISSN:1999-4915
1999-4915
DOI:10.3390/v14050867