Dengue virus and autophagy

Several independent groups have published that autophagy is required for optimal RNA replication of dengue virus (DENV). Initially, it was postulated that autophagosomes might play a structural role in replication complex formation. However, cryo-EM tomography of DENV replication complexes showed th...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Viruses 2011-08, Vol.3 (8), p.1332-1341
Main Authors: Heaton, Nicholas S, Randall, Glenn
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Autophagy
b-oxidation
Cell Line
Cryoelectron Microscopy
Dengue - virology
Dengue virus
Dengue Virus - genetics
Dengue Virus - pathogenicity
Dengue Virus - physiology
Endoplasmic Reticulum - metabolism
Endoplasmic Reticulum - virology
Hepatocytes - metabolism
Hepatocytes - virology
Humans
lipid droplet
Lipid Metabolism
lipophagy
Oxidation-Reduction
Phagosomes - metabolism
Review
RNA, Viral - genetics
RNA, Viral - metabolism
Viral Proteins - genetics
Viral Proteins - metabolism
Virus Replication
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Summary:Several independent groups have published that autophagy is required for optimal RNA replication of dengue virus (DENV). Initially, it was postulated that autophagosomes might play a structural role in replication complex formation. However, cryo-EM tomography of DENV replication complexes showed that DENV replicates on endoplasmic reticulum (ER) cisternae invaginations and not on classical autophagosomes. Recently, it was reported that autophagy plays an indirect role in DENV replication by modulating cellular lipid metabolism. DENV-induced autophagosomes deplete cellular triglycerides that are stored in lipid droplets, leading to increased β-oxidation and energy production. This is the first example of a virus triggering autophagy to modulate cellular physiology. In this review, we summarize these data and discuss new questions and implications for autophagy during DENV replication.
ISSN:1999-4915
1999-4915
DOI:10.3390/v3081332