QUALITY EVALUATION OF WHEAT-PUMPKIN-GOLDEN FLAXSEED COMPOSITE BREAD

• Published in: Food and Environment Safety 2017-06, Vol.16 (2), p.61-70
• Main Authors: Georgiana Gabriela CODINĂ, Denisa ATUDOREI, Ana CIMPOI, Silvia MIRONEASA, Elena TODOSI-SĂNDULEAC
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: crumb structure; elasticity; loaf volume; porosity; textural properties
• ISSN: 2068-6609; 2559-6381

The purpose of this study was to optimize the level of wheat, pumpkin seed (PSF) and golden flaxseed flour (GFs) that can be used in order to obtain high quality bread. The independent variables levels used were between 90 and 95 % for wheat flour and between 2.5% and 7.5% for pumpkin seed and golden flaxseed flour. The quality parameters analyzed were the following: loaf volume, porosity, elasticity and bread crumb structure. The mixture experiment design was used for optimization. Special quadratic mixture models were obtained for all the dependent variables. The optimum mixture levels were of 92.43% for wheat flour, 5.06% for pumkin seed flour and 2.51% for golden seed flour. The values of these flours in terms of loaf volume of bread, porosity and elasticity were of 422 cm3/100g, 76.15%, and 92.82%, respectively. The textural properties (hardness, cohesiveness, adhesiveness, viscosity, elasticity, gumminess, chewiness) were analyzed for the control sample and the optimum bread sample obtained with PSF and GFs addition. For the last one mentioned hardness, elasticity, gumminess and chewiness increase with 25.03%, 7.31%, 23.41%, 25.77% while the cohesiveness value decreases with 1.47%.