Graphene oxide-based membranes for water desalination and purification

Millions of people across the globe are severely afflicted because of water potability issues, and to proffer a solution to this crisis, efficient and cost-effective desalination techniques are necessitated. Membranes, in particular Graphene-derived membranes, have emerged as a potential answer to t...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:NPJ 2D materials and applications 2024-03, Vol.8 (1), p.27-19, Article 27
Main Authors: Tiwary, Saurabh Kr, Singh, Maninderjeet, Chavan, Shubham Vasant, Karim, Alamgir
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
639/301/1023
639/925/918/1055
Chemistry and Materials Science
Cross flow
Desalination
Drinking water
Functional groups
Graphene
Materials Science
Mathematical analysis
Mechanical properties
Membrane separation
Membranes
Molecular structure
Nanomaterials
Nanotechnology
Oxygen
Process variables
Review Article
Separation
Surfaces and Interfaces
Thin Films
Water purification
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Summary:Millions of people across the globe are severely afflicted because of water potability issues, and to proffer a solution to this crisis, efficient and cost-effective desalination techniques are necessitated. Membranes, in particular Graphene-derived membranes, have emerged as a potential answer to this grave problem because of their tunable ionic and molecular sieving capability, thin structure, and customizable microstructure. Among graphene-derived membranes, Graphene Oxide membranes have been the most promising, given the replete presence of oxygen-containing functional groups on its surface. However, the prospects of commercial applicability of these membranes are currently plagued by uneven stacking, crossflow delamination, flawed pores, screening and pH effects, and horizontal defects in the membrane. In addition, due to the selectivity–permeability trade-off that commonly exists in all membranes, the separation efficiency is negatively influenced. This review, while studying these challenges, aims to outline the most recent ground-breaking developments in graphene-based membrane technology, encompassing their separation mechanism, selectivity, adjustable mechanical characteristics, and uses. Additionally, we have covered in detail how several process variables such as temperature, total oxygen concentration, and functional groups affect the effectiveness of membrane separation with the focal point tilted toward studying the currently used intercalation techniques and effective nanomaterial graphene oxide membranes for water desalination
ISSN:2397-7132
2397-7132
DOI:10.1038/s41699-024-00462-z