Kinetoplastid Species Maintained by a Small Mammal Community in the Pantanal Biome

Kinetoplastids include species economically important in agriculture, livestock, and human health. We evaluated the richness of kinetoplastids that infect small mammals in patches of unflooded forests in the Pantanal biome, an area where we hypothesize that its diversity is higher than currently rec...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Pathogens (Basel) 2022-10, Vol.11 (10), p.1205
Main Authors: Santos, Filipe Martins, Sano, Nayara Yoshie, Liberal, Sany Caroline, Dario, Maria Augusta, Nantes, Wesley Arruda Gimenes, Alves, Fernanda Moreira, da Silva, Alanderson Rodrigues, De Oliveira, Carina Elisei, Roque, André Luiz Rodrigues, Herrera, Heitor Miraglia, Jansen, Ana Maria
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Amplicon Sequence Variant
Biomes
Blood clots
Clyomys laticeps
Didelphimorphia
Distribution
Economic importance
Environmental aspects
Flagellates
Genetic aspects
Genetic testing
Holochilus chacarius
Host range
Leishmania amazonensis
Leishmania infantum
Liver
Livestock
Mammals
Mitochondrial DNA
Monodelphis domestica
Natural history
Next Generation Sequencing
Oecomys mamorae
Parasites
Phylogenetics
Physiological aspects
Rodentia
Seasons
Small mammals
Species
Spleen
Taxonomy
Thrichomys fosteri
Thylamys macrurus
Trypanosoma
wetland
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Summary:Kinetoplastids include species economically important in agriculture, livestock, and human health. We evaluated the richness of kinetoplastids that infect small mammals in patches of unflooded forests in the Pantanal biome, an area where we hypothesize that its diversity is higher than currently recognized. Hemocultures (HC) and Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) targeting the 18S rDNA gene were employed for the detection of kinetoplastids. We grouped the positive samples into pools for each small mammal species (Monodelphis domestica, Thylamys macrurus, Oecomys mamorae, Thrichomys fosteri, Clyomys laticeps, and Holochilus chacarius). Eight parasite species were identified: Leishmania amazonensis, L. infantum; Trypanosoma cascavelli (HC + NGS), T. cruzi, T. lainsoni, T. rangeli (HC + NGS), Trypanosoma sp. DID, and Neobodo sp. The use of a tool as sensitive as NGS has increased our awareness of the diversity of kinetoplastids, as well as their host range, with emphasis on the species O. mamorae (seven kinetoplastid species, excepting T. cascavelli in a pool of nine individuals) and T. macrurus (four kinetoplastid species in a single individual). Furthermore, L. infantum and L. amazonensis infections were described in small mammals from this region for the first time. These findings make it mandatory to revisit the kinetoplastids/host associations proposed so far.
ISSN:2076-0817
2076-0817
DOI:10.3390/pathogens11101205