Bilateral basal ganglia ischemia associated with COVID-19: a case report and review of the literature

Background Coronavirus disease 2019, caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, has a broad clinical spectrum, from asymptomatic to multi-organ dysfunction. Acute cerebrovascular events associated with coronavirus disease 2019 are mainly due to the severe acute respiratory syndro...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of medical case reports 2021-11, Vol.15 (1), p.1-563, Article 563
Main Authors: Bhinder, Khurram Khaliq, Siddiqi, Ahsun Rizwan, Tahir, Muhammad Junaid, Maqsood, Hamza, Ullah, Irfan, Yousaf, Zohaib
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Brain
Case Report
Case reports
Coronaviruses
COVID-19
Disease
Health aspects
Hydrochlorothiazide
Hypoxia
Illnesses
Infection
Ischemia
Medical imaging
Neuroimaging
Neurology
Pathophysiology
Patients
Permeability
Polymerase chain reaction
Radiology
SARS-CoV-2
Severe acute respiratory syndrome
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Sitagliptin
Stroke
Thrombosis
Tomography
Tumor necrosis factor-TNF
Valsartan
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Summary:Background Coronavirus disease 2019, caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, has a broad clinical spectrum, from asymptomatic to multi-organ dysfunction. Acute cerebrovascular events associated with coronavirus disease 2019 are mainly due to the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2-induced prothrombotic state. Bilateral basal ganglia ischemia is rarely reported. Case presentation We report the case of a 64-year-old Asian (Pakistani) gentleman who presented initially with fever, cough, and shortness of breath, likely due to respiratory involvement by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. Later, he developed bilateral lower limb pain, followed by confusion and decreased level of consciousness. Accentuated large hypodense opacities were seen in the left and right basal ganglia, with mass effects on the left frontal horn. Conclusion This case demonstrates the importance of neuroimaging in the effective management of patients with neurological signs associated with coronavirus disease 2019. Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, Infection, Brain, Neurology, Radiology, Neuroimaging
ISSN:1752-1947
1752-1947
DOI:10.1186/s13256-021-03165-x