Relative Roles of Eurasian Snow Depth and Sea Surface Temperature in Indian and Korean Summer Monsoons Based on GME Model Simulations

• Published in: Earth and space science (Hoboken, N.J.) N.J.), 2020-08, Vol.7 (8), p.n/a
• Main Authors: Panda, S. K., Hong, Mi‐Jin, Dash, S. K., Oh, Jai‐Ho, Pattnayak, K. C.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Boundary conditions; El Nino; Eurasian snow; Experiments; General circulation models; GME; Indian summer monsoon; Korean monsoon; Monsoons; Ocean currents; Prediction models; Rain; Rainfall; Seasons; Snow; Snow depth; SST; Summer; teleconnection; Weather forecasting; Wind
• ISSN: 2333-5084; 2333-5084
• DOI: 10.1029/2020EA001105

Indian Summer Monsoon (ISM) and East Asian Summer Monsoon (EASM) are the most important weather systems in India and Korea respectively. The interannual variations of ISM and EASM largely depend on the anomalies of sea surface temperatures (SSTs) of Tropical Equtorial Pacific and Indian Ocean and also on the Eurasian Snow Depth/Cover. In this study, the relative roles of these two most important surface boundary conditions on the Indian and Korean monsoons have been examined using the high resolution (40 km) global numerical weather prediction model of German Weather Service (GME). Four sets of experiments were carried out by varying the climatological and observed values of SSTs and snow. This study shows that there is a negative (positive) relationship between the Western (Eastern) Eurasian snow depth and ISMR, whereas a positive (negative) relationship between the Western (Eastern) Eurasian snow depth and Korean monsoon rainfall has been observed. Results show that when observed SST and snow are prescribed to the model as boundary conditions, the simulated winds and rainfall are close to the NCEP/NCAR reanalyzed winds and GPCP rainfall, respectively. This study reveals that the model simulated summer monsoons in Indian and Korean domains are not good enough unless an observed Eurasian snow is prescribed in addition to the observed SST. Key Points Relative roles of SSTs of Tropical Pacific and Indian Ocean and Eurasian snow on the Indian and Korean monsoons have been examined at 40 km resolution using GME A negative (positive) relationship between the Western (Eastern) Eurasian snow depth and ISMR has been found A positive(negative) relationship between the Western(Eastern) Eurasian snow depth and Korean monsoon rainfall has been observed