Pattern of intentional drowning mortality: a total population retrospective cohort study in Australia, 2006-2014

While a downward trend in unintentional drowning deaths in Australia has been observed, little is known about intentional drowning mortality. Limited information on intentional drowning death impedes the planning, implementation, and evaluation of prevention strategies. This study aims to describe r...

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Published in:BMC public health 2019-02, Vol.19 (1), p.207-207, Article 207
Main Authors: Cenderadewi, Muthia, Franklin, Richard C, Peden, Amy E, Devine, Sue
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aboriginal Australians
Age
Australia
Cities and towns
Cohort analysis
Confidence intervals
Data collection
Drowning
Drowning prevention
Drownings
Epidemiology
Evaluation
Fatalities
Females
Health promotion
Indigenous peoples
Injury prevention
Intentional drowning
Males
Mathematical analysis
Mortality
Patient outcomes
Planning
Population
Population studies
Prevention
Psychiatry
Public health
Risk analysis
Risk factors
Statistical tests
Studies
Suicide
Suicide drowning
Suicides & suicide attempts
Trends
Wellness programs
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creator Cenderadewi, Muthia
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Peden, Amy E
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description While a downward trend in unintentional drowning deaths in Australia has been observed, little is known about intentional drowning mortality. Limited information on intentional drowning death impedes the planning, implementation, and evaluation of prevention strategies. This study aims to describe rates of intentional fatal drowning in Australia and compare these to other categories of drowning. Data were sourced from the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) over a 9-year period (2006-2014). Rates and trends of intentional drowning were compared with unintentional, water-transport related and undetermined intent drowning. Rates of intentional drowning deaths across gender, age groups, states/territories, remoteness of residence and First Peoples of Australia were calculated. Relative risk (RR) (95% confidence interval [CI]) was calculated, and chi-square tests of independence were performed (p 
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Limited information on intentional drowning death impedes the planning, implementation, and evaluation of prevention strategies. This study aims to describe rates of intentional fatal drowning in Australia and compare these to other categories of drowning. Data were sourced from the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) over a 9-year period (2006-2014). Rates and trends of intentional drowning were compared with unintentional, water-transport related and undetermined intent drowning. Rates of intentional drowning deaths across gender, age groups, states/territories, remoteness of residence and First Peoples of Australia were calculated. Relative risk (RR) (95% confidence interval [CI]) was calculated, and chi-square tests of independence were performed (p &lt; 0.05). The crude mortality rate for intentional drowning deaths in Australia over the study period was 0.23/100000, lower than unintentional drowning (0.89/100000). Males were 1.6 (CI: 1.4-2.0) times more likely than females to intentionally drown, however females made up a significantly larger proportion of intentional drowning deaths (38.2%) compared to unintentional deaths (22.4%) (χ  = 47.3; df = 1; p &lt; 0.05). A significant linear association between age group and intentional drowning was observed (χ  = 131.3; p &lt; 0.05), with individuals aged 75 years and over 32.6 times more likely to intentionally drown. Non-Indigenous peoples were 4.1 times more likely to intentionally drown in comparison to First Peoples of Australia. Residents of Inner Regional, Outer Regional, and Major Cities were 4.2 times (CI: 0.6-30.0), 4.1 times (CI: 0.6-29.9), and 4.0 times (CI: 0.6-28.6) more likely to intentionally drown, respectively, compared with residents of Very Remote areas. This study adds to the limited evidence currently available about intentional drowning rates and trends in Australia. Being male, of older age groups, non-Indigenous, residing in Inner and Outer Regional areas, and Major Cities were risk factors for intentional drowning deaths. 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Limited information on intentional drowning death impedes the planning, implementation, and evaluation of prevention strategies. This study aims to describe rates of intentional fatal drowning in Australia and compare these to other categories of drowning. Data were sourced from the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) over a 9-year period (2006-2014). Rates and trends of intentional drowning were compared with unintentional, water-transport related and undetermined intent drowning. Rates of intentional drowning deaths across gender, age groups, states/territories, remoteness of residence and First Peoples of Australia were calculated. Relative risk (RR) (95% confidence interval [CI]) was calculated, and chi-square tests of independence were performed (p &lt; 0.05). The crude mortality rate for intentional drowning deaths in Australia over the study period was 0.23/100000, lower than unintentional drowning (0.89/100000). 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Being male, of older age groups, non-Indigenous, residing in Inner and Outer Regional areas, and Major Cities were risk factors for intentional drowning deaths. 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subjects Aboriginal Australians
Age
Australia
Cities and towns
Cohort analysis
Confidence intervals
Data collection
Drowning
Drowning prevention
Drownings
Epidemiology
Evaluation
Fatalities
Females
Health promotion
Indigenous peoples
Injury prevention
Intentional drowning
Males
Mathematical analysis
Mortality
Patient outcomes
Planning
Population
Population studies
Prevention
Psychiatry
Public health
Risk analysis
Risk factors
Statistical tests
Studies
Suicide
Suicide drowning
Suicides & suicide attempts
Trends
Wellness programs
title Pattern of intentional drowning mortality: a total population retrospective cohort study in Australia, 2006-2014
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