Current Alzheimer disease research highlights: evidence for novel risk factors

Alzheimer disease (AD) is the most common type of dementia characterized by the progressive cognitive and social decline. Clinical drug targets have heavily focused on the amyloid hypothesis, with amyloid beta (Aβ), and tau proteins as key pathophysiologic markers of AD. However, no effective treatm...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Chinese medical journal 2021-09, Vol.134 (18), p.2150-2159
Main Authors: Brenowitz, Willa D., Xiang, Yang, McEvoy, Claire T., Yang, Cui, Yaffe, Kristine, Le, Wei-Dong, Leng, Yue
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Alzheimer Disease - epidemiology
Alzheimer Disease - etiology
Amyloid
Amyloid beta-Peptides
Animal cognition
Biomarkers
Brain research
Circadian rhythm
Cognitive ability
Dementia
Diet
Disease prevention
Eye movements
Health risk assessment
Hearing loss
Humans
Hypoxia
Insomnia
Melatonin
Microbiota
Older people
Pathogenesis
Pathology
Review
Risk Factors
Sleep deprivation
tau Proteins
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Summary:Alzheimer disease (AD) is the most common type of dementia characterized by the progressive cognitive and social decline. Clinical drug targets have heavily focused on the amyloid hypothesis, with amyloid beta (Aβ), and tau proteins as key pathophysiologic markers of AD. However, no effective treatment has been developed so far, which prompts researchers to focus on other aspects of AD beyond Aβ, and tau proteins. Additionally, there is a mounting epidemiologic evidence that various environmental factors influence the development of dementia and that dementia etiology is likely heterogenous. In the past decades, new risk factors or potential etiologies have been widely studied. Here, we review several novel epidemiologic and clinical research developments that focus on sleep, hypoxia, diet, gut microbiota, and hearing impairment and their links to AD published in recent years. At the frontiers of AD research, these findings and updates could be worthy of further attention.
ISSN:0366-6999
2542-5641
DOI:10.1097/CM9.0000000000001706