Physicochemical properties of Colombian cape gooseberry hybrids in the selection of high-quality materials

• Published in: Pesquisa agropecuaria brasileira 2020-01, Vol.55
• Main Authors: Lagos-Burbano, Tulio Cesar, Mejía-España, Diego Fernando, Arango-Bedoya, Oscar, Villaquirán-Samboni, Zulma Yizeth, Lagos-Santander, Liz Katherine, Duarte-Alvarado, David Esteban
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE; AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY; ascorbic acid; genetic improvement; Physalis peruviana; postharvest
• ISSN: 0100-204X; 1678-3921; 1678-3921
• DOI: 10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2020.v55.01905

The objective of this work was to evaluate the physicochemical properties of Colombian cape gooseberry (Physalis peruviana) hybrids and to select those with the highest fruit quality based on a selection index. A total of 36 cape gooseberry hybrids obtained from crossings between nine double haploid lines from the Tibaitatá Research Center of Colombian Corporation for Agricultural Research were evaluated. The trials were conducted in a randomized complete block design, in four locations (environments), corresponding to the municipalities of Ipiales, Gualmatán, Puerres, and Pasto, in the department of Nariño, Colombia. The following variables were evaluated: cracking percentage (CP), fruit weight with calyx (FWC), juice content (JC), total titratable acidity (TTA), total soluble solids (TSS), maturity index (MI), firmness (F), ascorbic acid (AA), and respiration rate (RR). CP was affected by the environment, showing lower values in Ipiales, Gualmatán, and Puerres. The hybrid factor significantly affected all assessed variables, except RR. The selected hybrids showed higher values for TSS, MI, FWC, and AA, besides lower values for CP and RR. The 3x9 hybrid stands out for presenting averages that are high for AA (42.59 mg 100 g-1) and MI (7.91) and low for RR (49.2 mg CO2 kg-1 h-1). Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar as propriedades físico-químicas de híbridos de physalis (Physalis peruviana) colombianos e selecionar aqueles com melhor qualidade de frutos, baseado em índice de seleção. Foram avaliados 36 híbridos de physalis provenientes de cruzamentos entre nove linhagens duplo-haploides do Tibaitatá Research Center da Colombian Corporation for Agricultural Research. Os ensaios foram conduzidos em delineamento de blocos ao acaso, em quatro locais (ambientes), que corresponderam aos municípios de Ipiales, Gualmatán, Puerres e Pasto, no departamento de Nariño, na Colômbia. Foram avaliadas as seguintes variáveis: percentagem de rachaduras (PR), peso dos frutos com cálice (PFC), conteúdo de suco (CS), acidez total titulável (AA), sólidos solúveis totais (SST), índice de maturidade (IM), firmeza (F), ácido ascórbico (AA) e taxa de respiração (TR). A PR foi afetada pelo ambiente, tendo apresentado valores mais baixos em Ipiales, Gualmatán e Puerres. O fator híbrido afetou significativamente todas as variáveis avaliadas, exceto a TR. Os híbridos selecionados apresentaram valores mais altos para SST, IM, PFC e AA, além de valores mais baixos para PR e TR.