How miRNAs Regulate Schwann Cells during Peripheral Nerve Regeneration-A Systemic Review

A growing body of studies indicate that small noncoding RNAs, especially microRNAs (miRNA), play a crucial role in response to peripheral nerve injuries. During Wallerian degeneration and regeneration processes, they orchestrate several pathways, in particular the MAPK, AKT, and EGR2 (KROX20) pathwa...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of molecular sciences 2022-03, Vol.23 (7), p.3440
Main Authors: Borger, Anton, Stadlmayr, Sarah, Haertinger, Maximilian, Semmler, Lorenz, Supper, Paul, Millesi, Flavia, Radtke, Christine
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
AKT protein
Axonogenesis
Axons
biomarker nerve injury
Degeneration
Egr-2 protein
expression profile microRNA
Extracellular matrix
Gene expression
Humans
Injuries
Krox-20 protein
MAP kinase
MicroRNAs
MicroRNAs - genetics
MicroRNAs - metabolism
miRNA
Molecular modelling
Myelination
Nerve Regeneration - genetics
Neurodegeneration
Peripheral Nerve Injuries - genetics
Peripheral Nerve Injuries - metabolism
Peripheral Nerve Injuries - therapy
Peripheral nerves
Peripheral Nerves - metabolism
Precision medicine
Regeneration
Review
Schwann cell migration
Schwann cell proliferation
Schwann cells
Schwann Cells - metabolism
Sciatic Nerve - metabolism
Signal transduction
Trauma
Wallerian degeneration
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Summary:A growing body of studies indicate that small noncoding RNAs, especially microRNAs (miRNA), play a crucial role in response to peripheral nerve injuries. During Wallerian degeneration and regeneration processes, they orchestrate several pathways, in particular the MAPK, AKT, and EGR2 (KROX20) pathways. Certain miRNAs show specific expression profiles upon a nerve lesion correlating with the subsequent nerve regeneration stages such as dedifferentiation and with migration of Schwann cells, uptake of debris, neurite outgrowth and finally remyelination of regenerated axons. This review highlights (a) the specific expression profiles of miRNAs upon a nerve lesion and (b) how miRNAs regulate nerve regeneration by acting on distinct pathways and linked proteins. Shedding light on the role of miRNAs associated with peripheral nerve regeneration will help researchers to better understand the molecular mechanisms and deliver targets for precision medicine.
ISSN:1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms23073440