Role of the Microbiota in Skin Neoplasms: New Therapeutic Horizons

The skin and the gut are regularly colonized by a variety of microorganisms capable of interacting with the immune system through their metabolites and influencing the balance between immune tolerance and inflammation. Alterations in the composition and diversity of the skin microbiota have been des...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Microorganisms (Basel) 2023-09, Vol.11 (10), p.2386
Main Authors: Savoia, Paola, Azzimonti, Barbara, Rolla, Roberta, Zavattaro, Elisa
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Cancer
Carcinogenesis
Carcinogens
Cell growth
Composition
cutaneous carcinogenesis
Development and progression
gut–skin axis
Health aspects
Homeostasis
Human papillomavirus
Immune checkpoint inhibitors
Immune system
Immunological tolerance
Keratosis
Lymphocytes T
Lymphoma
Melanoma
Metabolites
Metastases
Microbiota
Microbiota (Symbiotic organisms)
Microorganisms
Mutation
Neoplasms
Pathogenesis
Pathogens
Review
Risk factors
Skin cancer
Skin diseases
Squamous cell carcinoma
T-cell lymphoma
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Summary:The skin and the gut are regularly colonized by a variety of microorganisms capable of interacting with the immune system through their metabolites and influencing the balance between immune tolerance and inflammation. Alterations in the composition and diversity of the skin microbiota have been described in various cutaneous diseases, including skin cancer, and the actual function of the human microbiota in skin carcinogenesis, such as in progression and metastasis, is currently an active area of research. The role of Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) in the pathogenesis of squamous cell carcinoma is well consolidated, especially in chronically immunosuppressed patients. Furthermore, an imbalance between spp., such as and , has been found to be strongly related to the progression from actinic keratosis to squamous cell carcinoma and differently associated with various stages of the diseases in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma patients. Also, in melanoma patients, differences in microbiota have been related to dissimilar disease course and prognosis and may affect the effectiveness and tolerability of immune checkpoint inhibitors, which currently represent one of the best chances of a cure. From this point of view, acting on microbiota can be considered a possible therapeutic option for patients with advanced skin cancers, even if several issues are still open.
ISSN:2076-2607
2076-2607
DOI:10.3390/microorganisms11102386