LC-MS/MS Analysis of Cyanotoxins in Bivalve Mollusks-Method Development, Validation and First Evidence of Occurrence of Nodularin in Mussels ( Mytilus edulis ) and Oysters ( Magallana gigas ) from the West Coast of Sweden

In this paper, an LC-MS/MS method for the simultaneous identification and quantification of cyanotoxins with hydrophilic and lipophilic properties in edible bivalves is presented. The method includes 17 cyanotoxins comprising 13 microcystins (MCs), nodularin (NOD), anatoxin-a (ATX-a), homoanatoxin (...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Toxins 2023-05, Vol.15 (5), p.329
Main Authors: España Amórtegui, Julio César, Pekar, Heidi, Retrato, Mark Dennis Chico, Persson, Malin, Karlson, Bengt, Bergquist, Jonas, Zuberovic-Muratovic, Aida
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Algae
Analytical chemistry
Animals
bivalves
Bivalvia
Calibration
Chemical properties
Chromatography
Chromatography, Liquid - methods
Climate change
Congeners
Cyanobacteria
Cyanobacteria Toxins
cyanotoxins
Cylindrospermopsin
Dietary supplements
Drinking water
LC-MS/MS
Lipophilic
Magallana gigas
Mass spectrometry
Metabolism
Metabolites
Methods
Microcystins
Microcystins - analysis
Mollusks
Monitoring
Mussels
Mytilus edulis
nodularin
Ostreidae
Oysters
Peptides
Phytoplankton
Poisoning
Qualitative analysis
Scientific imaging
Seafood
Seafood - analysis
seafood safety
Shellfish
Sweden
Tandem Mass Spectrometry - methods
Toxins
Water quality
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Summary:In this paper, an LC-MS/MS method for the simultaneous identification and quantification of cyanotoxins with hydrophilic and lipophilic properties in edible bivalves is presented. The method includes 17 cyanotoxins comprising 13 microcystins (MCs), nodularin (NOD), anatoxin-a (ATX-a), homoanatoxin (h-ATX) and cylindrospermopsin (CYN). A benefit to the presented method is the possibility for the MS detection of MC-LR-[Dha7] and MC-LR-[Asp3] as separately identified and MS-resolved MRM signals, two congeners which were earlier detected together. The performance of the method was evaluated by in-house validation using spiked mussel samples in the quantification range of 3.12-200 µg/kg. The method was found to be linear over the full calibration range for all included cyanotoxins except CYN for which a quadratic regression was used. The method showed limitations for MC-LF (R = 0.94), MC-LA (R ≤ 0.98) and MC-LW (R ≤ 0.98). The recoveries for ATX-a, h-ATX, CYN, NOD, MC-LF and MC-LW were lower than desired (
ISSN:2072-6651
2072-6651
DOI:10.3390/toxins15050329