Quantitative Measurement of Radio Frequency Interference for SMOS Mission

The Earth Exploration Satellite Service (EESS) for passive sensing has a primary frequency allocation in the 1400–1427 MHz band. All emissions unauthorized in this band are called RFI (Radio Frequency Interference). The SMOS (Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity) mission is greatly perturbed by RFI impe...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Remote sensing (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2022-04, Vol.14 (7), p.1669
Main Authors: Xu, Ming, Li, Hongping, Chen, Haihua, Yin, Xiaobin
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Bias
Coastal zone
Contamination
Continents
Emissions
measurement
Measurement methods
moderate contamination
Moisture effects
Oceans
prominent contamination
Radio frequency interference
radio frequency interference (RFI)
Radiometers
Retrieval
Salinity
Salinity effects
Shutdowns
Signal processing
Soil contamination
Soil moisture
soil moisture and ocean salinity (SMOS)
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Summary:The Earth Exploration Satellite Service (EESS) for passive sensing has a primary frequency allocation in the 1400–1427 MHz band. All emissions unauthorized in this band are called RFI (Radio Frequency Interference). The SMOS (Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity) mission is greatly perturbed by RFI impeding ocean salinity retrieval, especially in coastal areas such as the SCS (South China Sea), where the observed data has been discarded massively. At present, there is no way to eliminate the RFI impact on the retrieved salinity, other than by detecting and shutting down the emissions from the sources. However, it may be effective in a scientific sense if RFI can be quantified and applied to the salinity retrieval process. Therefore, this study proposes an RFI measuring method that can investigate contamination in both prominent and moderate respects, aroused either by on-site emissions or nearby continents. Based on the proposed method, two levels of hierarchical RFI maps of the SCS region, including the separated one and the merged one, are presented and discussed, indicating more severe contamination in northern and western SCS. Moreover, to verify the generalization of the method on open oceans far from continents, an area in the middle central Pacific is selected and tested. The result shows few or no RFI in this unattended region, which is consistent with the authors’ knowledge. This study presents the concept of the “RFI map” to describe the contamination, which will hopefully help researchers comprehend the RFI state intuitively and assist in ocean salinity retrieval statistically.
ISSN:2072-4292
2072-4292
DOI:10.3390/rs14071669