Equine Melanocytic Tumors: A Narrative Review

Adult grey horses have a high incidence of melanocytic tumors. This article narratively reviews the role of some genetic features related to melanoma formation in horses, such as STX17 mutation, ASIP or MITF alterations, and the link between the graying process and the development of these tumors. A...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:Animals (Basel) 2023-01, Vol.13 (2), p.247
Main Authors: Pimenta, José, Prada, Justina, Cotovio, Mário
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biomarkers
Chemotherapy
Classification
cutaneous neoplasia
Electroporation
equine
Histopathology
Horses
Immunohistochemistry
Immunotherapy
Kinases
melanocytic tumors
Melanoma
Microphthalmia-associated transcription factor
Mutation
Neoplasia
Neoplasms
PD-1 protein
Radiation therapy
Review
Reviews
Skin
Skin cancer
Surgery
Therapeutic targets
Tumors
Citations: Items that this one cites
Items that cite this one
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:Adult grey horses have a high incidence of melanocytic tumors. This article narratively reviews the role of some genetic features related to melanoma formation in horses, such as STX17 mutation, ASIP or MITF alterations, and the link between the graying process and the development of these tumors. A clear system of clinical and pathological classification of melanocytic tumors in naevus, dermal melanoma, dermal melanomatosis and anaplastic malignant melanoma is provided. Clinical and laboratorial methods of diagnosing are listed, with fine needle aspiration and histopathology being the most relevant. Relevance is given to immunohistochemistry, describing potentially important diagnostic biomarkers such as RACK1 and PNL2. Different therapeutical options available for equine practitioners are mentioned, with surgery, chemotherapy and electroporation being the most common. This article also elucidatesnew fields of research, perspectives, and new therapeutic targets, such as CD47, PD-1 and COX-2 biomarkers.
ISSN:2076-2615
2076-2615
DOI:10.3390/ani13020247