Recent Studies and Progress in the Intratumoral Administration of Nano-Sized Drug Delivery Systems

Over the last 30 years, diverse types of nano-sized drug delivery systems (nanoDDSs) have been intensively explored for cancer therapy, exploiting their passive tumor targetability with an enhanced permeability and retention effect. However, their systemic administration has aroused some unavoidable...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2023-07, Vol.13 (15), p.2225
Main Authors: Yun, Wan Su, Kim, Jeongrae, Lim, Dong-Kwon, Kim, Dong-Hwee, Jeon, Seong Ik, Kim, Kwangmeyung
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Analysis
Bioavailability
Biodistribution
Blood vessels
Cancer
Cancer therapies
Clinical trials
Collagen
Drug delivery
drug delivery system
Drug delivery systems
Drugs
Effectiveness
Efficiency
Growth factors
intratumoral administration
Localization
localized therapy
Methods
nanomedicine
Nanoparticles
Particle size
Permeability
Pharmacology
Retention
Review
Side effects
targeted cancer therapy
Toxicity
Tumors
Vehicles
Citations: Items that this one cites
Items that cite this one
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
cited_by cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c546t-500932314144bac3bbf8e63c7c240138f63ce146daa1559486147e5ba98862263
cites cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c546t-500932314144bac3bbf8e63c7c240138f63ce146daa1559486147e5ba98862263
container_end_page
container_issue 15
container_start_page 2225
container_title Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)
container_volume 13
creator Yun, Wan Su
Kim, Jeongrae
Lim, Dong-Kwon
Kim, Dong-Hwee
Jeon, Seong Ik
Kim, Kwangmeyung
description Over the last 30 years, diverse types of nano-sized drug delivery systems (nanoDDSs) have been intensively explored for cancer therapy, exploiting their passive tumor targetability with an enhanced permeability and retention effect. However, their systemic administration has aroused some unavoidable complications, including insufficient tumor-targeting efficiency, side effects due to their undesirable biodistribution, and carrier-associated toxicity. In this review, the recent studies and advancements in intratumoral nanoDDS administration are generally summarized. After identifying the factors to be considered to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of intratumoral nanoDDS administration, the experimental results on the application of intratumoral nanoDDS administration to various types of cancer therapies are discussed. Subsequently, the reports on clinical studies of intratumoral nanoDDS administration are addressed in short. Intratumoral nanoDDS administration is proven with its versatility to enhance the tumor-specific accumulation and retention of therapeutic agents for various therapeutic modalities. Specifically, it can improve the efficacy of therapeutic agents with poor bioavailability by increasing their intratumoral concentration, while minimizing the side effect of highly toxic agents by restricting their delivery to normal tissues. Intratumoral administration of nanoDDS is considered to expand its application area due to its potent ability to improve therapeutic effects and relieve the systemic toxicities of nanoDDSs.
doi_str_mv 10.3390/nano13152225
format article
fullrecord <record><control><sourceid>gale_doaj_</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_doaj_primary_oai_doaj_org_article_392b2c92b08f44cb858b559c6b0f3048</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><galeid>A760517215</galeid><doaj_id>oai_doaj_org_article_392b2c92b08f44cb858b559c6b0f3048</doaj_id><sourcerecordid>A760517215</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c546t-500932314144bac3bbf8e63c7c240138f63ce146daa1559486147e5ba98862263</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNptUk1v1DAQjRCIVqU3zsgSFw6k-DNxTmjV8rFSBYiFs2U7k9SrxC52Umn59ThsKbsIW7JH4zdv5o2nKJ4TfMFYg9947QNhRFBKxaPilOK6KXnTkMcH9klxntIW59UQJgV7WpywWtRYcHZamK9gwU9oM82tg4S0b9GXGPoIKSHn0XQDaO2nqKd5DFEPaNWOzru0eFzwKHToU66h3Lif0KKrOPfoCgZ3B3GHNrs0wZieFU86PSQ4v7_Piu_v3327_Fhef_6wvlxdl1bwaipFro9RRjjh3GjLjOkkVMzWlnKcC--yDYRXrdZEiIbLivAahNGNlBWlFTsr1nveNuituo1u1HGngnbqtyPEXuk4OTuAYg011OYDy45za6SQJnPayuCOYS4z19s91-1sRmiXFmXxR6THL97dqD7cKYI5JYTSzPDqniGGHzOkSY0uWRgG7SHMSVEpcBZbV0uyl_9At2GOPvcqo3iTP0pg-hfV66zA-S7kxHYhVau6woLUlIiMuvgPKu8WRmeDh85l_1HA632AjSGlCN2DSILVMmPqcMYy_MVhYx7AfyaK_QKM0snQ</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Open Website</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2849054502</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Recent Studies and Progress in the Intratumoral Administration of Nano-Sized Drug Delivery Systems</title><source>Publicly Available Content (ProQuest)</source><source>PubMed Central</source><creator>Yun, Wan Su ; Kim, Jeongrae ; Lim, Dong-Kwon ; Kim, Dong-Hwee ; Jeon, Seong Ik ; Kim, Kwangmeyung</creator><creatorcontrib>Yun, Wan Su ; Kim, Jeongrae ; Lim, Dong-Kwon ; Kim, Dong-Hwee ; Jeon, Seong Ik ; Kim, Kwangmeyung</creatorcontrib><description>Over the last 30 years, diverse types of nano-sized drug delivery systems (nanoDDSs) have been intensively explored for cancer therapy, exploiting their passive tumor targetability with an enhanced permeability and retention effect. However, their systemic administration has aroused some unavoidable complications, including insufficient tumor-targeting efficiency, side effects due to their undesirable biodistribution, and carrier-associated toxicity. In this review, the recent studies and advancements in intratumoral nanoDDS administration are generally summarized. After identifying the factors to be considered to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of intratumoral nanoDDS administration, the experimental results on the application of intratumoral nanoDDS administration to various types of cancer therapies are discussed. Subsequently, the reports on clinical studies of intratumoral nanoDDS administration are addressed in short. Intratumoral nanoDDS administration is proven with its versatility to enhance the tumor-specific accumulation and retention of therapeutic agents for various therapeutic modalities. Specifically, it can improve the efficacy of therapeutic agents with poor bioavailability by increasing their intratumoral concentration, while minimizing the side effect of highly toxic agents by restricting their delivery to normal tissues. Intratumoral administration of nanoDDS is considered to expand its application area due to its potent ability to improve therapeutic effects and relieve the systemic toxicities of nanoDDSs.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2079-4991</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2079-4991</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/nano13152225</identifier><identifier>PMID: 37570543</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Switzerland: MDPI AG</publisher><subject>Analysis ; Bioavailability ; Biodistribution ; Blood vessels ; Cancer ; Cancer therapies ; Clinical trials ; Collagen ; Drug delivery ; drug delivery system ; Drug delivery systems ; Drugs ; Effectiveness ; Efficiency ; Growth factors ; intratumoral administration ; Localization ; localized therapy ; Methods ; nanomedicine ; Nanoparticles ; Particle size ; Permeability ; Pharmacology ; Retention ; Review ; Side effects ; targeted cancer therapy ; Toxicity ; Tumors ; Vehicles</subject><ispartof>Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland), 2023-07, Vol.13 (15), p.2225</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2023 MDPI AG</rights><rights>2023 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2023 by the authors. 2023</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c546t-500932314144bac3bbf8e63c7c240138f63ce146daa1559486147e5ba98862263</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c546t-500932314144bac3bbf8e63c7c240138f63ce146daa1559486147e5ba98862263</cites><orcidid>0000-0003-0625-0660 ; 0000-0001-7919-188X</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.proquest.com/docview/2849054502/fulltextPDF?pq-origsite=primo$$EPDF$$P50$$Gproquest$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.proquest.com/docview/2849054502?pq-origsite=primo$$EHTML$$P50$$Gproquest$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,885,25753,27924,27925,37012,37013,44590,53791,53793,75126</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37570543$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Yun, Wan Su</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Jeongrae</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lim, Dong-Kwon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Dong-Hwee</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jeon, Seong Ik</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Kwangmeyung</creatorcontrib><title>Recent Studies and Progress in the Intratumoral Administration of Nano-Sized Drug Delivery Systems</title><title>Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)</title><addtitle>Nanomaterials (Basel)</addtitle><description>Over the last 30 years, diverse types of nano-sized drug delivery systems (nanoDDSs) have been intensively explored for cancer therapy, exploiting their passive tumor targetability with an enhanced permeability and retention effect. However, their systemic administration has aroused some unavoidable complications, including insufficient tumor-targeting efficiency, side effects due to their undesirable biodistribution, and carrier-associated toxicity. In this review, the recent studies and advancements in intratumoral nanoDDS administration are generally summarized. After identifying the factors to be considered to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of intratumoral nanoDDS administration, the experimental results on the application of intratumoral nanoDDS administration to various types of cancer therapies are discussed. Subsequently, the reports on clinical studies of intratumoral nanoDDS administration are addressed in short. Intratumoral nanoDDS administration is proven with its versatility to enhance the tumor-specific accumulation and retention of therapeutic agents for various therapeutic modalities. Specifically, it can improve the efficacy of therapeutic agents with poor bioavailability by increasing their intratumoral concentration, while minimizing the side effect of highly toxic agents by restricting their delivery to normal tissues. Intratumoral administration of nanoDDS is considered to expand its application area due to its potent ability to improve therapeutic effects and relieve the systemic toxicities of nanoDDSs.</description><subject>Analysis</subject><subject>Bioavailability</subject><subject>Biodistribution</subject><subject>Blood vessels</subject><subject>Cancer</subject><subject>Cancer therapies</subject><subject>Clinical trials</subject><subject>Collagen</subject><subject>Drug delivery</subject><subject>drug delivery system</subject><subject>Drug delivery systems</subject><subject>Drugs</subject><subject>Effectiveness</subject><subject>Efficiency</subject><subject>Growth factors</subject><subject>intratumoral administration</subject><subject>Localization</subject><subject>localized therapy</subject><subject>Methods</subject><subject>nanomedicine</subject><subject>Nanoparticles</subject><subject>Particle size</subject><subject>Permeability</subject><subject>Pharmacology</subject><subject>Retention</subject><subject>Review</subject><subject>Side effects</subject><subject>targeted cancer therapy</subject><subject>Toxicity</subject><subject>Tumors</subject><subject>Vehicles</subject><issn>2079-4991</issn><issn>2079-4991</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2023</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>PIMPY</sourceid><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNptUk1v1DAQjRCIVqU3zsgSFw6k-DNxTmjV8rFSBYiFs2U7k9SrxC52Umn59ThsKbsIW7JH4zdv5o2nKJ4TfMFYg9947QNhRFBKxaPilOK6KXnTkMcH9klxntIW59UQJgV7WpywWtRYcHZamK9gwU9oM82tg4S0b9GXGPoIKSHn0XQDaO2nqKd5DFEPaNWOzru0eFzwKHToU66h3Lif0KKrOPfoCgZ3B3GHNrs0wZieFU86PSQ4v7_Piu_v3327_Fhef_6wvlxdl1bwaipFro9RRjjh3GjLjOkkVMzWlnKcC--yDYRXrdZEiIbLivAahNGNlBWlFTsr1nveNuituo1u1HGngnbqtyPEXuk4OTuAYg011OYDy45za6SQJnPayuCOYS4z19s91-1sRmiXFmXxR6THL97dqD7cKYI5JYTSzPDqniGGHzOkSY0uWRgG7SHMSVEpcBZbV0uyl_9At2GOPvcqo3iTP0pg-hfV66zA-S7kxHYhVau6woLUlIiMuvgPKu8WRmeDh85l_1HA632AjSGlCN2DSILVMmPqcMYy_MVhYx7AfyaK_QKM0snQ</recordid><startdate>20230731</startdate><enddate>20230731</enddate><creator>Yun, Wan Su</creator><creator>Kim, Jeongrae</creator><creator>Lim, Dong-Kwon</creator><creator>Kim, Dong-Hwee</creator><creator>Jeon, Seong Ik</creator><creator>Kim, Kwangmeyung</creator><general>MDPI AG</general><general>MDPI</general><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QF</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7QQ</scope><scope>7SC</scope><scope>7SE</scope><scope>7SP</scope><scope>7SR</scope><scope>7TA</scope><scope>7TB</scope><scope>7U5</scope><scope>8BQ</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>D1I</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>F28</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>H8D</scope><scope>H8G</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>JG9</scope><scope>JQ2</scope><scope>KB.</scope><scope>KR7</scope><scope>L7M</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>L~C</scope><scope>L~D</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PDBOC</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><scope>DOA</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0625-0660</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7919-188X</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20230731</creationdate><title>Recent Studies and Progress in the Intratumoral Administration of Nano-Sized Drug Delivery Systems</title><author>Yun, Wan Su ; Kim, Jeongrae ; Lim, Dong-Kwon ; Kim, Dong-Hwee ; Jeon, Seong Ik ; Kim, Kwangmeyung</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c546t-500932314144bac3bbf8e63c7c240138f63ce146daa1559486147e5ba98862263</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2023</creationdate><topic>Analysis</topic><topic>Bioavailability</topic><topic>Biodistribution</topic><topic>Blood vessels</topic><topic>Cancer</topic><topic>Cancer therapies</topic><topic>Clinical trials</topic><topic>Collagen</topic><topic>Drug delivery</topic><topic>drug delivery system</topic><topic>Drug delivery systems</topic><topic>Drugs</topic><topic>Effectiveness</topic><topic>Efficiency</topic><topic>Growth factors</topic><topic>intratumoral administration</topic><topic>Localization</topic><topic>localized therapy</topic><topic>Methods</topic><topic>nanomedicine</topic><topic>Nanoparticles</topic><topic>Particle size</topic><topic>Permeability</topic><topic>Pharmacology</topic><topic>Retention</topic><topic>Review</topic><topic>Side effects</topic><topic>targeted cancer therapy</topic><topic>Toxicity</topic><topic>Tumors</topic><topic>Vehicles</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Yun, Wan Su</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Jeongrae</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lim, Dong-Kwon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Dong-Hwee</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jeon, Seong Ik</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Kwangmeyung</creatorcontrib><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Aluminium Industry Abstracts</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Ceramic Abstracts</collection><collection>Computer and Information Systems Abstracts</collection><collection>Corrosion Abstracts</collection><collection>Electronics &amp; Communications Abstracts</collection><collection>Engineered Materials Abstracts</collection><collection>Materials Business File</collection><collection>Mechanical &amp; Transportation Engineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Solid State and Superconductivity Abstracts</collection><collection>METADEX</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Technology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Materials Science &amp; Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>AUTh Library subscriptions: ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Technology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ANTE: Abstracts in New Technology &amp; Engineering</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>Aerospace Database</collection><collection>Copper Technical Reference Library</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection (Proquest) (PQ_SDU_P3)</collection><collection>Materials Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Computer Science Collection</collection><collection>Materials Science Database</collection><collection>Civil Engineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><collection>Biological Sciences</collection><collection>Computer and Information Systems Abstracts – Academic</collection><collection>Computer and Information Systems Abstracts Professional</collection><collection>ProQuest Biological Science Journals</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Materials science collection</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content (ProQuest)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Yun, Wan Su</au><au>Kim, Jeongrae</au><au>Lim, Dong-Kwon</au><au>Kim, Dong-Hwee</au><au>Jeon, Seong Ik</au><au>Kim, Kwangmeyung</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Recent Studies and Progress in the Intratumoral Administration of Nano-Sized Drug Delivery Systems</atitle><jtitle>Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)</jtitle><addtitle>Nanomaterials (Basel)</addtitle><date>2023-07-31</date><risdate>2023</risdate><volume>13</volume><issue>15</issue><spage>2225</spage><pages>2225-</pages><issn>2079-4991</issn><eissn>2079-4991</eissn><abstract>Over the last 30 years, diverse types of nano-sized drug delivery systems (nanoDDSs) have been intensively explored for cancer therapy, exploiting their passive tumor targetability with an enhanced permeability and retention effect. However, their systemic administration has aroused some unavoidable complications, including insufficient tumor-targeting efficiency, side effects due to their undesirable biodistribution, and carrier-associated toxicity. In this review, the recent studies and advancements in intratumoral nanoDDS administration are generally summarized. After identifying the factors to be considered to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of intratumoral nanoDDS administration, the experimental results on the application of intratumoral nanoDDS administration to various types of cancer therapies are discussed. Subsequently, the reports on clinical studies of intratumoral nanoDDS administration are addressed in short. Intratumoral nanoDDS administration is proven with its versatility to enhance the tumor-specific accumulation and retention of therapeutic agents for various therapeutic modalities. Specifically, it can improve the efficacy of therapeutic agents with poor bioavailability by increasing their intratumoral concentration, while minimizing the side effect of highly toxic agents by restricting their delivery to normal tissues. Intratumoral administration of nanoDDS is considered to expand its application area due to its potent ability to improve therapeutic effects and relieve the systemic toxicities of nanoDDSs.</abstract><cop>Switzerland</cop><pub>MDPI AG</pub><pmid>37570543</pmid><doi>10.3390/nano13152225</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0625-0660</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7919-188X</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
fulltext fulltext
identifier ISSN: 2079-4991
ispartof Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland), 2023-07, Vol.13 (15), p.2225
issn 2079-4991
2079-4991
language eng
recordid cdi_doaj_primary_oai_doaj_org_article_392b2c92b08f44cb858b559c6b0f3048
source Publicly Available Content (ProQuest); PubMed Central
subjects Analysis
Bioavailability
Biodistribution
Blood vessels
Cancer
Cancer therapies
Clinical trials
Collagen
Drug delivery
drug delivery system
Drug delivery systems
Drugs
Effectiveness
Efficiency
Growth factors
intratumoral administration
Localization
localized therapy
Methods
nanomedicine
Nanoparticles
Particle size
Permeability
Pharmacology
Retention
Review
Side effects
targeted cancer therapy
Toxicity
Tumors
Vehicles
title Recent Studies and Progress in the Intratumoral Administration of Nano-Sized Drug Delivery Systems
url http://sfxeu10.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/loughborough?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-01-02T16%3A08%3A47IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-gale_doaj_&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Recent%20Studies%20and%20Progress%20in%20the%20Intratumoral%20Administration%20of%20Nano-Sized%20Drug%20Delivery%20Systems&rft.jtitle=Nanomaterials%20(Basel,%20Switzerland)&rft.au=Yun,%20Wan%20Su&rft.date=2023-07-31&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=15&rft.spage=2225&rft.pages=2225-&rft.issn=2079-4991&rft.eissn=2079-4991&rft_id=info:doi/10.3390/nano13152225&rft_dat=%3Cgale_doaj_%3EA760517215%3C/gale_doaj_%3E%3Cgrp_id%3Ecdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c546t-500932314144bac3bbf8e63c7c240138f63ce146daa1559486147e5ba98862263%3C/grp_id%3E%3Coa%3E%3C/oa%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=2849054502&rft_id=info:pmid/37570543&rft_galeid=A760517215&rfr_iscdi=true