Neuroimaging of acute and chronic unilateral and bilateral thalamic lesions

The thalami are bilateral ovoid grey matter cerebral structures bordering the third ventricle on both sides, which participate in functions such as relaying of sensory and motor signals, regulation of consciousness, and alertness. Pathologies affecting the thalami can be of neoplastic, infectious, v...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Insights into imaging 2019-02, Vol.10 (1), p.24-12, Article 24
Main Authors: Tuttle, C., Boto, J., Martin, S., Barnaure, I., Korchi, A. M., Scheffler, M., Vargas, M. I.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Alertness
Computed tomography
Deep brain stimulation
Diagnostic Radiology
Imaging
Infection
Internal Medicine
Interventional Radiology
Lesions
Magnetic resonance imaging
Medical imaging
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Neoplasia
Neuroimaging
Neurology
Neuroradiology
Pictorial Review
Radiology
Relaying
Thalami
Thalamus
Ultrasound
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Summary:The thalami are bilateral ovoid grey matter cerebral structures bordering the third ventricle on both sides, which participate in functions such as relaying of sensory and motor signals, regulation of consciousness, and alertness. Pathologies affecting the thalami can be of neoplastic, infectious, vascular, toxic, metabolic, or congenital origin. The purpose of this review is to provide a comprehensive approach to the thalamus focusing on its anatomy, the main pathologies affecting this structure and their radiological semiology on CT and MRI. We will also illustrate the importance of multimodal MR imaging (morphologic sequences, diffusion-weighted imaging, perfusion, spectroscopy) for the diagnosis and treatment of these conditions.
ISSN:1869-4101
1869-4101
DOI:10.1186/s13244-019-0700-3