Bifunctional mesoporous glasses for bone tissue engineering: Biological effects of doping with cerium and polyphenols in 2D and 3D in vitro models

• Published in: Biomaterials and biosystems 2024-06, Vol.14, p.100095, Article 100095
• Main Authors: Menshikh, Ksenia, Reddy, Ajay Kumar, Cochis, Andrea, Fraulini, Francesca, Zambon, Alfonso, Lusvardi, Gigliola, Rimondini, Lia
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: 3D in vitro models; Cerium; Cytocompatibility; Mesoporous bioactive glasses; Polyphenols
• ISSN: 2666-5344; 2666-5344
• DOI: 10.1016/j.bbiosy.2024.100095

•Residual cancer cells pose a risk after bone tumor resection.•Bi-functional biomaterials promote bone healing and inhibit tumorigenic activity.•Cerium-doped mesoporous glasses loaded with polyphenols may be such materials.•We tested the glasses in 2D and 3D in vitro models with various cell lines.•The glasses have the potential to address a demand for bi-functional biomaterials. This study evaluates the cytocompatibility of cerium-doped mesoporous bioactive glasses (Ce-MBGs) loaded with polyphenols (Ce-MBGs-Poly) for possible application in bone tissue engineering after tumour resection. We tested MBGs powders and pellets on 2D and 3D in vitro models using human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs), osteosarcoma cells (U2OS), and endothelial cells (EA.hy926). Promisingly, at a low concentration in culture medium, Poly-loaded MBGs powders containing 1.2 mol% of cerium inhibited U2OS metabolic activity, preserved hMSCs viability, and had no adverse effects on EA.hy926 migration. Moreover, the study discussed the possible interaction between cerium and Poly, influencing anti-cancer effects. In summary, this research provides insights into the complex interactions between Ce-MBGs, Poly, and various cell types in distinct 2D and 3D in vitro models, highlighting the potential of loaded Ce-MBGs for post-resection bone tissue engineering with a balance between pro-regenerative and anti-tumorigenic activities. [Display omitted]