Dynamic nanomechanical characterization of cells in exosome therapy

Exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been confirmed to enhance cell proliferation and improve tissue repair. Exosomes release their contents into the cytoplasmic solution of the recipient cell to mediate cell expression, which is the main pathway through which exosomes exert ther...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Microsystems & nanoengineering 2024-07, Vol.10 (1), p.97-16, Article 97
Main Authors: Chen, Ye, Zhang, Zihan, Li, Ziwei, Wu, Wenjie, Lan, Shihai, Yan, Tianhao, Mei, Kainan, Qiao, Zihan, Wang, Chen, Bai, Chuanbiao, Li, Ziyan, Wu, Shangquan, Wang, Jianye, Zhang, Qingchuan
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
639/766/400
639/925/350/354
Cell growth
Cell proliferation
Contractility
Cytoskeleton
Engineering
Exosomes
Internalization
Mesenchymal stem cells
Rac1 protein
RhoA protein
Roundness
Signal transduction
Stem cells
Stromal cells
Traction force
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Summary:Exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been confirmed to enhance cell proliferation and improve tissue repair. Exosomes release their contents into the cytoplasmic solution of the recipient cell to mediate cell expression, which is the main pathway through which exosomes exert therapeutic effects. The corresponding process of exosome internalization mainly occurs in the early stage of treatment. However, the therapeutic effect of exosomes in the early stage remains to be further studied. We report that the three-dimensional cell traction force can intuitively reflect the ability of exosomes to enhance the cytoskeleton and cell contractility of recipient cells, serving as an effective method to characterize the therapeutic effect of exosomes. Compared with traditional biochemical methods, we can visualize the early therapeutic effect of exosomes in real time without damage by quantifying the cell traction force. Through quantitative analysis of traction forces, we found that endometrial stromal cells exhibit short-term cell roundness accompanied by greater traction force during the early stage of exosome therapy. Further experiments revealed that exosomes enhance the traction force and cytoskeleton by regulating the Rac1/RhoA signaling pathway, thereby promoting cell proliferation. This work provides an effective method for rapidly quantifying the therapeutic effects of exosomes and studying the underlying mechanisms involved.
ISSN:2055-7434
2096-1030
2055-7434
DOI:10.1038/s41378-024-00735-z