Horizontal transmission of hepatitis B in a children's day-care centre: a preventable event

Using molecular finger-printing, we provided evidence that, in a children's day-care centre, a known hepatitis B virus (HBV) hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) carrier transmitted HBV to another child (the index case). The chronic HBV carrier had an exudative skin lesion and a history of biting. We...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Australian and New Zealand journal of public health 1997-12, Vol.21 (7), p.791-792
Main Authors: Mcintosh, E. David G., Bek, Mark D.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antigens
Australia
Carrier State - diagnosis
Child
Child Day Care Centers
Child, Preschool
Children
Children & youth
Disease Transmission, Infectious - prevention & control
DNA Fingerprinting
Exudation
Hepatitis
Hepatitis B
Hepatitis B - prevention & control
Hepatitis B - transmission
Hepatitis B Antigens - blood
Hepatitis B e antigen
Hepatitis B Vaccines - administration & dosage
Hepatitis B virus
Humans
Immunization
Infant
Male
Public health
Serologic Tests
Serology
Skin diseases
Skin lesions
Vaccination
Viruses
White people
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Summary:Using molecular finger-printing, we provided evidence that, in a children's day-care centre, a known hepatitis B virus (HBV) hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) carrier transmitted HBV to another child (the index case). The chronic HBV carrier had an exudative skin lesion and a history of biting. We sought to identify other at-risk children and prevent further transmission. Blood samples were collected and tested serologically for HBV. Of the 90 other children, 78 (87 per cent) were tested and none had serological evidence of HBV infection; 73 (81 per cent) were of Caucasian background; 38 (49 per cent) had a history of HBV immunisation with serological confirmation. Therefore, 1 (2.4 per cent, 95 per cent confidence interval 1.0 to 12.8 per cent) of the 41 known susceptible contacts became infected. The risk of horizontal HBV transmission in a children's day-care centre is low but not negligible. Staff and children should be vaccinated when a child in a day-care centre is a known HBV carrier.
ISSN:1326-0200
1753-6405
DOI:10.1111/j.1467-842X.1997.tb01797.x