Arterial Stiffness in Nonhypertensive Type 2 Diabetes Patients in Ghana

Background. Increased arterial stiffness is an independent cardiovascular risk factor in diabetes patients and general population. However, the contribution of diabetes to arterial stiffness is often masked by coexistent obesity and hypertension. In this study, we assessed arterial stiffness in nonh...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International Journal of Endocrinology 2016-01, Vol.2016 (2016), p.775-782-086
Main Authors: Yeboah, Kwame, Gyan, Ben A., Antwi, Daniel A.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Age
Alcohol use
Blood pressure
Body mass index
Cardiovascular diseases
Cholesterol
Complications and side effects
Diabetes
Endocrinology
Fasting
Gender
Glucose
Hypertension
Laboratories
Mortality
Patients
Risk factors
Studies
Type 2 diabetes
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Summary:Background. Increased arterial stiffness is an independent cardiovascular risk factor in diabetes patients and general population. However, the contribution of diabetes to arterial stiffness is often masked by coexistent obesity and hypertension. In this study, we assessed arterial stiffness in nonhypertensive, nonobese type 2 diabetes (T2DM) patients in Ghana. Methods. In case-control design, 166 nonhypertensive, nonobese participants, comprising 96 T2DM patients and 70 nondiabetes controls, were recruited. Peripheral and central blood pressure (BP) indices were measured, and arterial stiffness was assessed as aortic pulse wave velocity (PWVao), augmentation index (AIx), cardioankle vascular index (CAVI), and heart-ankle pulse wave velocity (haPWV). Results. With similar peripheral and central BP indices, T2DM patients had higher PWVao ( 8.3 ± 1 versus 7.8 ± 1.3 , p = 0.044 ) and CAVI ( 7.9 ± 1.2 versus 6.9 ± 0.7 , p = 0.021 ) than nondiabetic control. AIx and haPWV were similar between T2DM and nondiabetic controls. Multiple regression models showed that, in the entire study participants, the major determinants of PWVao were diabetes status, age, gender, systolic BP, and previous smoking status (β = 0.22, 0.36, 0.48, 0.21, and 0.25, resp.; all p < 0.05 ); the determinants of CAVI were diabetes status, age, BMI, heart rate, HbA1c, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and previous smoking status (β = 0.21, 0.38, 0.2, 0.18, 0.24. 0.2, −0.19, and 0.2, resp.; all p < 0.05 ). Conclusion. Our findings suggest that nonhypertensive, nonobese T2DM patients have increased arterial stiffness without appreciable increase in peripheral and central pressure indices.
ISSN:1687-8337
1687-8345
DOI:10.1155/2016/6107572