What’s new in insomnia? Diagnosis and treatment

ABSTRACT Although, insomnia is one of the most common diseases that health professionals face in their practice, it receives little attention in medical training. Diagnosis is based on a careful history taking, and physicians must be aware of the diagnostic criteria. Insomnia should not be considere...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Arquivos de neuro-psiquiatria 2022-05, Vol.80 (S 05), p.307-312
Main Authors: Pentagna, Álvaro, Castro, Luiz Henrique Martins, Conway, Bárbara Araújo
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Cognitive ability
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
Diagnosis
Drug abuse
Humans
Hypnotics and Sedatives
Insomnia
Medical personnel
NEUROSCIENCES
PSYCHIATRY
Sleep disorders
Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders
Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders - diagnosis
Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders - drug therapy
SLEEP NEUROLOGY
γ-Aminobutyric acid
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Summary:ABSTRACT Although, insomnia is one of the most common diseases that health professionals face in their practice, it receives little attention in medical training. Diagnosis is based on a careful history taking, and physicians must be aware of the diagnostic criteria. Insomnia should not be considered a symptom, but a comorbid condition. Although cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) has been the mainstay treatment for insomnia for many years, it is usually regarded as a novel therapeutic strategy, both because of scarcity of qualified psychologists and of limited knowledge about insomnia among physicians. GABA receptor acting drugs are being abandoned in the treatment of insomnia because of abuse and dependence potential and accident risk. Two main current therapeutic options with the best scientific evidence are the tricyclic antidepressant, doxepin, and a new melatoninergic receptor agonist, ramelteon. Newer drugs to treat insomnia are in the pipeline. Hypocretine blocking agents will be marketed in the near future.
ISSN:0004-282X
1678-4227
1678-4227
DOI:10.1590/0004-282X-ANP-2022-S124