A Narrative Review of the Association between Prematurity and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Accompanying Inequities across the Life-Course

Preterm birth is associated with an increased risk of neurodevelopmental and neurobehavioral impairments including attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), the most common neurobehavioral disorder of childhood. In this narrative review, we examine the known associations between prematurity a...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Children (Basel) 2023-09, Vol.10 (10), p.1637
Main Authors: Fraiman, Yarden S, Guyol, Genevieve, Acevedo-Garcia, Dolores, Beck, Andrew F, Burris, Heather, Coker, Tumaini R, Tiemeier, Henning
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
ADHD
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Birth weight
Care and treatment
Child development
Cohort analysis
Diabetes
Families & family life
Gestational age
Health services
Hyperactivity
Infants (Premature)
life-course
Lung diseases
Medical diagnosis
Newborn babies
Overweight
Pathophysiology
Premature babies
Premature birth
prematurity
preterm birth
Review
Risk factors
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Summary:Preterm birth is associated with an increased risk of neurodevelopmental and neurobehavioral impairments including attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), the most common neurobehavioral disorder of childhood. In this narrative review, we examine the known associations between prematurity and ADHD and highlight the impact of both prematurity and ADHD on multiple domains across the pediatric life-course. We develop a framework for understanding the health services journey of individuals with ADHD to access appropriate services and treatments for ADHD, the "ADHD Care Cascade". We then discuss the many racial and ethnic inequities that affect the risk of preterm birth as well as the steps along the "ADHD Care Cascade". By using a life-course approach, we highlight the ways in which inequities are layered over time to magnify the neurodevelopmental impact of preterm birth on the most vulnerable children across the life-course.
ISSN:2227-9067
2227-9067
DOI:10.3390/children10101637