The mitophagy pathway and its implications in human diseases

Mitochondria are dynamic organelles with multiple functions. They participate in necrotic cell death and programmed apoptotic, and are crucial for cell metabolism and survival. Mitophagy serves as a cytoprotective mechanism to remove superfluous or dysfunctional mitochondria and maintain mitochondri...

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Published in:Signal transduction and targeted therapy 2023-08, Vol.8 (1), p.304-304, Article 304
Main Authors: Wang, Shouliang, Long, Haijiao, Hou, Lianjie, Feng, Baorong, Ma, Zihong, Wu, Ying, Zeng, Yu, Cai, Jiahao, Zhang, Da-wei, Zhao, Guojun
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
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Apoptosis
Cancer Research
Cell Biology
Cell death
Cell survival
Clinical trials
Homeostasis
Internal Medicine
Liver diseases
Lung diseases
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Mitochondria
Mitophagy
Molecular modelling
Oncology
Organelles
Pathology
Precision medicine
Review
Review Article
Signal transduction
Stress response
Therapeutic targets
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Summary:Mitochondria are dynamic organelles with multiple functions. They participate in necrotic cell death and programmed apoptotic, and are crucial for cell metabolism and survival. Mitophagy serves as a cytoprotective mechanism to remove superfluous or dysfunctional mitochondria and maintain mitochondrial fine-tuning numbers to balance intracellular homeostasis. Growing evidences show that mitophagy, as an acute tissue stress response, plays an important role in maintaining the health of the mitochondrial network. Since the timely removal of abnormal mitochondria is essential for cell survival, cells have evolved a variety of mitophagy pathways to ensure that mitophagy can be activated in time under various environments. A better understanding of the mechanism of mitophagy in various diseases is crucial for the treatment of diseases and therapeutic target design. In this review, we summarize the molecular mechanisms of mitophagy-mediated mitochondrial elimination, how mitophagy maintains mitochondrial homeostasis at the system levels and organ, and what alterations in mitophagy are related to the development of diseases, including neurological, cardiovascular, pulmonary, hepatic, renal disease, etc., in recent advances. Finally, we summarize the potential clinical applications and outline the conditions for mitophagy regulators to enter clinical trials. Research advances in signaling transduction of mitophagy will have an important role in developing new therapeutic strategies for precision medicine.
ISSN:2059-3635
2095-9907
2059-3635
DOI:10.1038/s41392-023-01503-7