Optimized Integration of Electric Vehicles in Low Voltage Distribution Grids

All over the world the reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, especially in the transportation sector, becomes more and more important. Electric vehicles will be one of the key factors to mitigate GHG emissions due to their higher efficiency in contrast to internal combustion engine vehicles....

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Energies (Basel) 2019-10, Vol.12 (21), p.4059
Main Authors: Spitzer, Martin, Schlund, Jonas, Apostolaki-Iosifidou, Elpiniki, Pruckner, Marco
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
ADVANCED PROPULSION SYSTEMS
Air pollution
Automobiles
Carbon dioxide
Climate change
coordinated charging
Electric vehicles
Electrical networks
Energy industry
Exhaust pipes
Global warming
Greenhouse gases
grid integration
grid model
Integer programming
Life expectancy
Life span
Linear programming
Load
Low voltage
Objectives
optimization
Particulate emissions
Particulate matter
Pollutants
Pollution control
Public policy
Residential areas
Road transportation
Smart grid technology
Studies
Transportation
Urban areas
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Summary:All over the world the reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, especially in the transportation sector, becomes more and more important. Electric vehicles will be one of the key factors to mitigate GHG emissions due to their higher efficiency in contrast to internal combustion engine vehicles. On the other hand, uncoordinated charging will put more strain on electrical distribution grids and possible congestions in the grid become more likely. In this paper, we analyze the impact of uncoordinated charging, as well as optimization-based coordination strategies on the voltage stability and phase unbalances of a representative European semi-urban low voltage grid. Therefore, we model the low voltage grid as a three-phase system and take realistic arrival and departure times of the electric vehicle fleet into account. Subsequently, we compare different coordinated charging strategies with regard to their optimization objectives, e.g., cost reduction or GHG emissions reduction. Results show that possible congestion problems can be solved by coordinated charging. Additionally, depending on the objective, the costs can be reduced by more than 50% and the GHG emissions by around 40%.
ISSN:1996-1073
1996-1073
DOI:10.3390/en12214059