The lipopolysaccharide export pathway in Escherichia coli: structure, organization and regulated assembly of the Lpt machinery

The bacterial outer membrane (OM) is a peculiar biological structure with a unique composition that contributes significantly to the fitness of Gram-negative bacteria in hostile environments. OM components are all synthesized in the cytosol and must, then, be transported efficiently across three com...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Marine drugs 2014-02, Vol.12 (2), p.1023-1042
Main Authors: Polissi, Alessandra, Sperandeo, Paola
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins - metabolism
Biological Transport - physiology
Cytosol - metabolism
Escherichia coli
Escherichia coli - metabolism
Escherichia coli Proteins - metabolism
lipopolysaccharide transport
Lipopolysaccharides - metabolism
Marine
outer membrane
Review
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Summary:The bacterial outer membrane (OM) is a peculiar biological structure with a unique composition that contributes significantly to the fitness of Gram-negative bacteria in hostile environments. OM components are all synthesized in the cytosol and must, then, be transported efficiently across three compartments to the cell surface. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a unique glycolipid that paves the outer leaflet of the OM. Transport of this complex molecule poses several problems to the cells due to its amphipatic nature. In this review, the multiprotein machinery devoted to LPS transport to the OM is discussed together with the challenges associated with this process and the solutions that cells have evolved to address the problem of LPS biogenesis.
ISSN:1660-3397
1660-3397
DOI:10.3390/md12021023