Transient Receptor Potential Channels: Important Players in Ocular Pain and Dry Eye Disease

Dry eye disease (DED) is a multifactorial disorder in which the eyes respond to minor stimuli with abnormal sensations, such as dryness, blurring, foreign body sensation, discomfort, irritation, and pain. Corneal pain, as one of DED’s main symptoms, has gained recognition due to its increasing preva...

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Published in:Pharmaceutics 2022-09, Vol.14 (9), p.1859
Main Authors: Fakih, Darine, Migeon, Tiffany, Moreau, Nathan, Baudouin, Christophe, Réaux-Le Goazigo, Annabelle, Mélik Parsadaniantz, Stéphane
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Care and treatment
Cold
Cornea
Disease
dry eye
Eye diseases
Health aspects
Identification and classification
Inflammation
Insects
Ion channels
Life Sciences
Light
ocular pain
Pain
Pathophysiology
Review
topical treatment
TRPM8
TRPV1
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Summary:Dry eye disease (DED) is a multifactorial disorder in which the eyes respond to minor stimuli with abnormal sensations, such as dryness, blurring, foreign body sensation, discomfort, irritation, and pain. Corneal pain, as one of DED’s main symptoms, has gained recognition due to its increasing prevalence, morbidity, and the resulting social burden. The cornea is the most innervated tissue in the body, and the maintenance of corneal integrity relies on a rich density of nociceptors, such as polymodal nociceptor neurons, cold thermoreceptor neurons, and mechano-nociceptor neurons. Their sensory responses to different stimulating forces are linked to the specific expression of transient receptor potential (TRP) channels. TRP channels are a group of unique ion channels that play important roles as cellular sensors for various stimuli. These channels are nonselective cation channels with variable Ca2+ selectivity. TRP homologs are a superfamily of 28 different members that are subdivided into 7 different subfamilies based on differences in sequence homology. Many of these subtypes are expressed in the eye on both neuronal and non-neuronal cells, where they affect various stress-induced regulatory responses essential for normal vision maintenance. This article reviews the current knowledge about the expression, function, and regulation of TRPs in ocular surface tissues. We also describe their implication in DED and ocular pain. These findings contribute to evidence suggesting that drug-targeting TRP channels may be of therapeutic benefit in the clinical setting of ocular pain.
ISSN:1999-4923
1999-4923
DOI:10.3390/pharmaceutics14091859