Exposure to Chemotherapy During Childhood or Adulthood and Consequences on Spermatogenesis and Male Fertility

Over the last decade, the number of cancer survivors has increased thanks to progress in diagnosis and treatment. Cancer treatments are often accompanied by adverse side effects depending on the age of the patient, the type of cancer, the treatment regimen, and the doses. The testicular tissue is ve...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of molecular sciences 2020-02, Vol.21 (4), p.1454
Main Authors: Delessard, Marion, Saulnier, Justine, Rives, Aurélie, Dumont, Ludovic, Rondanino, Christine, Rives, Nathalie
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
adulthood exposure
Cancer
chemotherapy
childhood exposure
Development Biology
fertility
Gametogenesis
Human health and pathology
Life Sciences
Pediatrics
Pharmaceutical sciences
Pharmacology
Review
Toxicology
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Summary:Over the last decade, the number of cancer survivors has increased thanks to progress in diagnosis and treatment. Cancer treatments are often accompanied by adverse side effects depending on the age of the patient, the type of cancer, the treatment regimen, and the doses. The testicular tissue is very sensitive to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. This review will summarize the epidemiological and experimental data concerning the consequences of exposure to chemotherapy during the prepubertal period or adulthood on spermatogenic progression, sperm production, sperm nuclear quality, and the health of the offspring. Studies concerning the gonadotoxicity of anticancer drugs in adult survivors of childhood cancer are still limited compared with those concerning the effects of chemotherapy exposure during adulthood. In humans, it is difficult to evaluate exactly the toxicity of chemotherapeutic agents because cancer treatments often combine chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Thus, it is important to undertake experimental studies in animal models in order to define the mechanism involved in the drug gonadotoxicity and to assess the effects of their administration alone or in combination on immature and mature testis. These data will help to better inform cancer patients after recovery about the risks of chemotherapy for their future fertility and to propose fertility preservation options.
ISSN:1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms21041454