The effect of acetaminophen nanoparticles on liver toxicity in a rat model

Acetaminophen, a pain-reliever, is one of the most widely used medications in the world. Acetaminophen with normal dosage is considered a nontoxic drug for therapeutic applications, but when taken at overdose levels it produces liver damage in human and various animal species. By a high energy mecha...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of nanomedicine 2010-01, Vol.5 (default), p.197-201
Main Authors: Biazar, Esmaeil, Rezayat, S Mahdi, Montazeri, Naser, Pourshamsian, Khalil, Zeinali, Reza, Asefnejad, Azadeh, Rahimi, Mehdi, Zadehzare, Mohammadmajid, Mahmoudi, Mehran, Mazinani, Rohollah, Ziaei, Mehdi
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
acetaminophen
Acetaminophen - toxicity
Analgesics
Analgesics, Non-Narcotic - toxicity
Animals
Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury - etiology
Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury - pathology
Disease Models, Animal
Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
Enzymes
Humans
Liver
Liver - drug effects
Liver - pathology
Nanoparticles - toxicity
Original Research
pathological and enzymatic investigations
Rats
size reduction
toxicity
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Summary:Acetaminophen, a pain-reliever, is one of the most widely used medications in the world. Acetaminophen with normal dosage is considered a nontoxic drug for therapeutic applications, but when taken at overdose levels it produces liver damage in human and various animal species. By a high energy mechanically activated method, we produced acetaminophen in a nanometer crystalline size (24 nm). Forty-eight hours after injection of crystalline particles with normal and reduced size of our drug, the effect of liver toxicity was compared by determination of liver transferase enzymes such as alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alanine aminotransferase (ALT). These enzymes were examined by routine colorimetric methods using commercial kits and pathologic investigations. Statistical analysis and pathological figures indicated that ALT delivery and toxicity in reduced size acetaminophen was significantly reduced when compared with normal size acetaminophen. Pathology figures exhibited reduced necrosis effects, especially the confluent necrosis, in the central part of the lobule in the reduced size acetaminophen samples when compared with the normal samples.
ISSN:1178-2013
1176-9114
1178-2013
DOI:10.2147/ijn.s5894