Nucleotides Entrapped in Liposome Nanovesicles as Tools for Therapeutic and Diagnostic Use in Biomedical Applications

The use of nucleotides for biomedical applications is an old desire in the scientific community. As we will present here, there are references published over the past 40 years with this intended use. The main problem is that, as unstable molecules, nucleotides require some additional protection to e...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Pharmaceutics 2023-03, Vol.15 (3), p.873
Main Authors: Cardador, Camila Magalhães, Muehlmann, Luis Alexandre, Coelho, Cíntia Marques, Silva, Luciano Paulino, Garay, Aisel Valle, Carvalho, Alexandra Maria Dos Santos, Bastos, Izabela Marques Dourado, Longo, João Paulo Figueiró
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Amyloidosis
diagnostic
Dosage and administration
Drug delivery systems
Drugs
Evaluation
FDA approval
Lipids
liposome
Materials
Membranes
mRNA vaccines
Nanoparticles
nucleotide
Nucleotides
Polyethylene glycol
protection
R&D
Regulatory agencies
Regulatory approval
Research & development
Review
Structure
therapeutic
Vectors (Biology)
Vehicles
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Summary:The use of nucleotides for biomedical applications is an old desire in the scientific community. As we will present here, there are references published over the past 40 years with this intended use. The main problem is that, as unstable molecules, nucleotides require some additional protection to extend their shelf life in the biological environment. Among the different nucleotide carriers, the nano-sized liposomes proved to be an effective strategic tool to overcome all these drawbacks related to the nucleotide high instability. Moreover, due to their low immunogenicity and easy preparation, the liposomes were selected as the main strategy for delivery of the mRNA developed for COVID-19 immunization. For sure this is the most important and relevant example of nucleotide application for human biomedical conditions. In addition, the use of mRNA vaccines for COVID-19 has increased interest in the application of this type of technology to other health conditions. For this review article, we will present some of these examples, especially focused on the use of liposomes to protect and deliver nucleotides for cancer therapy, immunostimulatory activities, enzymatic diagnostic applications, some examples for veterinarian use, and the treatment of neglected tropical disease.
ISSN:1999-4923
1999-4923
DOI:10.3390/pharmaceutics15030873