Monogenic Auto-inflammatory Syndromes: A Review of the Literature

Auto-inflammatory syndromes are a new group of distinct hereditable disorders characterized by episodes of seemingly unprovoked inflammation (most commonly in skin, joints, gut, and eye), the absence of a high titer of auto-antibodies or auto-reactive T cells, and an inborn error of innate immunity....

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Iranian journal of allergy, asthma, and immunology asthma, and immunology, 2017-12, Vol.15 (6)
Main Authors: Gholamreza Azizi, Shahin Khadem Azarian, Sepideh Nazeri, Ali Mosayebian, Saleh Ghiasy, Ghazal Sadri, Ali Mohebi, Nikoo Hossein Khan Nazer, Sanaz Afraei, Abbas Mirshafiey
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Auto-inflammatory syndrome
Fever
Inflammation
Innate immune response
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Summary:Auto-inflammatory syndromes are a new group of distinct hereditable disorders characterized by episodes of seemingly unprovoked inflammation (most commonly in skin, joints, gut, and eye), the absence of a high titer of auto-antibodies or auto-reactive T cells, and an inborn error of innate immunity. A narrative literature review was carried out of studies related to auto-inflammatory syndromes to discuss the pathogenesis and clinical manifestation of these syndromes. This review showed that the main monogenic auto-inflammatory syndromes are familial Mediterranean fever (FMF), mevalonate kinase deficiency (MKD), Blau syndrome, TNF receptor-associated periodic syndrome (TRAPS), cryopyrin-associated periodic syndrome (CAPS), and pyogenic arthritis with pyoderma gangrenosum and acne (PAPA). The data suggest that correct diagnosis and treatment of monogenic auto-inflammatory diseases relies on the physicians’ awareness. Therefore, understanding of the underlying pathogenic mechanisms of auto-inflammatory syndromes, and especially the fact that these disorders are mediated by IL-1 secretion stimulated by monocytes and macrophages, facilitated significant progress in patient management.
ISSN:1735-1502
1735-5249