Unraveling Therapeutic Opportunities and the Diagnostic Potential of microRNAs for Human Lung Cancer

Lung cancer is a major public health problem and a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Despite advances in treatment options, the five-year survival rate for lung cancer patients remains low, emphasizing the urgent need for innovative diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. MicroRNAs (m...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Pharmaceutics 2023-07, Vol.15 (8), p.2061
Main Authors: Sweef, Osama, Zaabout, Elsayed, Bakheet, Ahmed, Halawa, Mohamed, Gad, Ibrahim, Akela, Mohamed, Tousson, Ehab, Abdelghany, Ashraf, Furuta, Saori
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Apoptosis
Arsenic
Benzopyrene
Biosynthesis
Bladder cancer
Cancer
Carcinogens
Cardiovascular disease
Care and treatment
Cell cycle
Cell growth
Defense mechanisms
delivery
diagnosis
DNA damage
DNA methylation
environmental carcinogens
Epidermal growth factor
Epigenetics
Gene expression
Genes
Genetic aspects
Health aspects
Hydrocarbons
Kinases
Lifestyles
Lung cancer
Medical prognosis
MicroRNA
microRNAs
Mutation
Oxidative stress
Pollutants
Review
Roles
Skin
therapeutics
Toxicity
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Summary:Lung cancer is a major public health problem and a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Despite advances in treatment options, the five-year survival rate for lung cancer patients remains low, emphasizing the urgent need for innovative diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for lung cancer due to their crucial roles in regulating cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. For example, miR-34a and miR-150, once delivered to lung cancer via liposomes or nanoparticles, can inhibit tumor growth by downregulating critical cancer promoting genes. Conversely, miR-21 and miR-155, frequently overexpressed in lung cancer, are associated with increased cell proliferation, invasion, and chemotherapy resistance. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of the roles of miRNAs in lung carcinogenesis, especially those induced by exposure to environmental pollutants, namely, arsenic and benzopyrene, which account for up to 1/10 of lung cancer cases. We then discuss the recent advances in miRNA-based cancer therapeutics and diagnostics. Such information will provide new insights into lung cancer pathogenesis and innovative diagnostic and therapeutic modalities based on miRNAs.
ISSN:1999-4923
1999-4923
DOI:10.3390/pharmaceutics15082061