Pulsed electromagnetic fields reduce acute inflammation in the injured rat‐tail intervertebral disc

• Published in: JOR-spine 2019-12, Vol.2 (4), p.e1069-n/a
• Main Authors: Chan, Andrew K., Tang, Xinyan, Mummaneni, Nikhil V., Coughlin, Dezba, Liebenberg, Ellen, Ouyang, Annie, Dudli, Stefan, Lauricella, Michael, Zhang, Nianli, Waldorff, Erik I., Ryaby, James T., Lotz, Jeffrey C.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Arthritis; Back pain; Cytokines; degeneration model; Electromagnetism; Histology; Inflammation; Morphology; needle stab; Ostomy; Proteins; pulsed electromagnetic fields; rat‐tail disc; Stabbings; Surgery; Tumor necrosis factor-TNF
• ISSN: 2572-1143; 2572-1143
• DOI: 10.1002/jsp2.1069

Pro‐inflammatory cytokines are recognized contributors to intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration and discogenic pain. We have recently reported the anti‐inflammatory effect of pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMF) on IVD cells in vitro. Whether these potentially therapeutic effects are sufficiently potent to influence disc health in vivo has not been demonstrated. We report here the effect of PEMF on acute inflammation arising from a rat‐tail IVD injury model. Disc degeneration was induced by percutaneously stabbing the Co6‐7, Co7‐8, and Co8‐9 levels using a 20‐gauge needle. Seventy‐two (72) rats were divided into three groups: sham control, needle stab, needle stab+PEMF. Treated rats were exposed to PEMF immediately following surgery and for either 4 or 7 days (4 hr/d). Stab and PEMF effects were evaluated by measuring inflammatory cytokine gene expression (RT‐PCR) and protein levels (ELISA assay), anabolic and catabolic gene expression (RT‐PCR), and histologic changes. We observed in untreated animals that at day 7 after injury, inflammatory cytokines (interleukin [IL]‐6, tumor necrosis factor α, and IL‐1β) were significantly increased at both gene and protein levels (P