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Deciphering the Longevity and Levels of SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies in Children: A Year-Long Study Highlighting Clinical Phenotypes and Age-Related Variations

Identifying potential factors correlated with the sustained presence of antibodies in plasma may facilitate improved retrospective diagnoses and aid in the appraisal of pertinent vaccination strategies for various demographic groups. The main objective was to describe the persistence of anti-spike I...

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Published in:Pathogens (Basel) 2024-07, Vol.13 (8), p.622
Main Authors: Pons-Tomàs, Gemma, Pino, Rosa, Soler-García, Aleix, Launes, Cristian, Martínez-de-Albeniz, Irene, Ríos-Barnés, María, Melé-Casas, Maria, Hernández-García, María, Monsonís, Manuel, Gené, Amadeu, de-Sevilla, Mariona-F, García-García, Juan-José, Fortuny, Claudia, Fumadó, Victoria
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container_issue 8
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container_title Pathogens (Basel)
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creator Pons-Tomàs, Gemma
Pino, Rosa
Soler-García, Aleix
Launes, Cristian
Martínez-de-Albeniz, Irene
Ríos-Barnés, María
Melé-Casas, Maria
Hernández-García, María
Monsonís, Manuel
Gené, Amadeu
de-Sevilla, Mariona-F
García-García, Juan-José
Fortuny, Claudia
Fumadó, Victoria
description Identifying potential factors correlated with the sustained presence of antibodies in plasma may facilitate improved retrospective diagnoses and aid in the appraisal of pertinent vaccination strategies for various demographic groups. The main objective was to describe the persistence of anti-spike IgG one year after diagnosis in children and analyse its levels in relation to epidemiological and clinical variables. A prospective, longitudinal, observational study was conducted in a university reference hospital in the Metropolitan Region of Barcelona (Spain) (March 2020-May 2021). This study included patients under 18 years of age with SARS-CoV-2 infection (positive PCR or antigen tests for SARS-CoV-2). Clinical and serological follow-up one year after infection was performed. We included 102 patients with a median age of 8.8 years. Anti-spike IgG was positive in 98/102 (96%) 12 months after the infection. There were higher anti-spike IgG levels were noted in patients younger than 2 years ( = 0.034) and those with pneumonia ( < 0.001). A positive and significant correlation was observed between C-reactive protein at diagnosis and anti-spike IgG titre one-year after diagnosis ( = 0.027). Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies were detected in almost all paediatric patients one year after infection. We also observed a positive correlation between virus-specific IgG antibody titres with SARS-CoV-2 clinical phenotype (pneumonia) and age (under 2 years old).
doi_str_mv 10.3390/pathogens13080622
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subjects Age
Antibodies
Asymptomatic
C-reactive protein
Correlation
COVID-19
COVID-19 vaccines
Demographic variables
Diagnosis
Epidemiology
Families & family life
Fever
Glycoproteins
hospitalisation
IgG antibody
Immunity (Disease)
Immunoassay
Immunoglobulin G
Infections
Metropolitan areas
Observational studies
paediatrics
Pandemics
Patients
Pediatrics
Phenotypes
Phenotypic variations
Pneumonia
Population
Proteins
SARS-CoV-2
Serology
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Vaccination
Variables
Viral diseases
title Deciphering the Longevity and Levels of SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies in Children: A Year-Long Study Highlighting Clinical Phenotypes and Age-Related Variations
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