TIM‐3 as a potential exhaustion marker in CD4+ T cells of COVID‐19 patients

Background COVID‐19 causes a range of clinical symptoms from mild to critical and can be life‐threatening. Up to now, it has led to many deaths. We aimed to evaluate exhausted markers on CD4+ T cells of COVID‐19 patients. Methods In this study, we evaluated 44 patients with confirmed COVID‐19 diseas...

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Published in:Immunity, Inflammation and Disease Inflammation and Disease, 2021-12, Vol.9 (4), p.1707-1715
Main Authors: Modabber, Zahra, Shahbazi, Mehdi, Akbari, Roghayeh, Bagherzadeh, Mojgan, Firouzjahi, Alireza, Mohammadnia‐Afrouzi, Mousa
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
CD39
CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes
Coronaviruses
COVID-19
exhausted Cell
Hepatitis A Virus Cellular Receptor 2
Humans
Leukocytes, Mononuclear
Lymphocytes
Original
PD‐1
SARS-CoV-2
TIM‐3
Tumor necrosis factor-TNF
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Summary:Background COVID‐19 causes a range of clinical symptoms from mild to critical and can be life‐threatening. Up to now, it has led to many deaths. We aimed to evaluate exhausted markers on CD4+ T cells of COVID‐19 patients. Methods In this study, we evaluated 44 patients with confirmed COVID‐19 disease and 16 healthy individuals. Patients were divided into moderate/severe and critical groups. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated and stained by anti‐human CD39, PD‐1, TIM‐3, and anti‐human CD4. The percentage of each CD4+ subpopulation was calculated by flow cytometry. Furthermore, we collected clinical information and laboratory data of both control and patient groups. Results We detected overexpression of TIM‐3 on CD4+ T cells in both critical and moderate/severe patients than in healthy individuals (HIs; p 
ISSN:2050-4527
2050-4527
DOI:10.1002/iid3.526