Oxidative stress and lipotoxicity

The α,β polyunsaturated lipid aldehydes are potent lipid electrophiles that covalently modify lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. Recent work highlights the critical role these lipids play under both physiological and pathological conditions. Protein carbonylation resulting from nucleophilic attack...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of lipid research 2016-11, Vol.57 (11), p.1976-1986
Main Authors: Hauck, Amy K., Bernlohr, David A.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aldehydes - metabolism
Animals
Antioxidants - metabolism
cardiolipin
Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress - genetics
Humans
Lipid Metabolism - genetics
Lipid Peroxidation - genetics
lipids/peroxidation
Oxidative Stress - genetics
oxidized lipids
Protein Carbonylation - genetics
Proteins - metabolism
Reactive Oxygen Species - metabolism
Signal Transduction
Thematic Review Series
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Summary:The α,β polyunsaturated lipid aldehydes are potent lipid electrophiles that covalently modify lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. Recent work highlights the critical role these lipids play under both physiological and pathological conditions. Protein carbonylation resulting from nucleophilic attack of lysine, histidine, and cysteine residues is a major outcome of oxidative stress and functions as a redox-sensitive signaling mechanism with roles in autophagy, cell proliferation, transcriptional control, and apoptosis. In addition, protein carbonylation is implicated as an initiating factor in mitochondrial dysfunction and endoplasmic reticulum stress, providing a mechanistic connection between oxidative stress and metabolic disease. In this review, we discuss the generation and metabolism of reactive lipid aldehydes, as well as their signaling roles.
ISSN:0022-2275
1539-7262
DOI:10.1194/jlr.R066597