Circulating Sphingolipids and Glucose Homeostasis: An Update

Sphingolipids are a family of lipid molecules produced through different pathways in mammals. Sphingolipids are structural components of membranes, but in response to obesity, they are implicated in the regulation of various cellular processes, including inflammation, apoptosis, cell proliferation,...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of molecular sciences 2023-08, Vol.24 (16), p.12720
Main Authors: Ali-Berrada, Sarah, Guitton, Jeanne, Tan-Chen, Sophie, Gyulkhandanyan, Anna, Hajduch, Eric, Le Stunff, Hervé
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
biomarkers
Body fat
Ceramides
Dextrose
extracellular vesicles
Glucose
Glucose metabolism
Homeostasis
Insulin
Insulin resistance
Kinases
Life Sciences
Lipids
lipoproteins
Obesity
Phosphates
Physiological aspects
Review
Sphingosine
sphingosine-1-phosphate
Type 2 diabetes
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Summary:Sphingolipids are a family of lipid molecules produced through different pathways in mammals. Sphingolipids are structural components of membranes, but in response to obesity, they are implicated in the regulation of various cellular processes, including inflammation, apoptosis, cell proliferation, autophagy, and insulin resistance which favors dysregulation of glucose metabolism. Of all sphingolipids, two species, ceramides and sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), are also found abundantly secreted into the bloodstream and associated with lipoproteins or extracellular vesicles. Plasma concentrations of these sphingolipids can be altered upon metabolic disorders and could serve as predictive biomarkers of these diseases. Recent important advances suggest that circulating sphingolipids not only serve as biomarkers but could also serve as mediators in the dysregulation of glucose homeostasis. In this review, advances of molecular mechanisms involved in the regulation of ceramides and S1P association to lipoproteins or extracellular vesicles and how they could alter glucose metabolism are discussed.
ISSN:1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms241612720