Potential of Grasses in Phytolith Production in Soils Contaminated with Cadmium

Cadmium (Cd) is a very toxic heavy metal occurring in places with anthropogenic activities, making it one of the most important environmental pollutants. Phytoremediation plants are used for recovery of metal-contaminated soils by their ability to absorb and tolerate high concentrations of heavy met...

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Published in:Plants (Basel) 2020-01, Vol.9 (1), p.109
Main Authors: de Melo Farnezi, Múcio Mágno, de Barros Silva, Enilson, Lopes Dos Santos, Lauana, Christofaro Silva, Alexandre, Grazziotti, Paulo Henrique, Taline Prochnow, Jeissica, Marinho Pereira, Israel, Costa Ilhéu Fontan, Ivan da
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Anthropogenic factors
Biomass
Cadmium
entisol
Flowers & plants
Grasses
heavy metal
Heavy metals
Megathyrsus maximus
Metal concentrations
Metals
Mineralogy
Occlusion
oxisol
Physiology
phytolith-occluded
Phytoremediation
Plant growth
Pollutants
Shoots
Soil contamination
Soil pollution
Soil types
Soils
Toxicity
urochloa brizantha
urochloa decumbens
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Summary:Cadmium (Cd) is a very toxic heavy metal occurring in places with anthropogenic activities, making it one of the most important environmental pollutants. Phytoremediation plants are used for recovery of metal-contaminated soils by their ability to absorb and tolerate high concentrations of heavy metals. This paper aims to evaluate the potential of grasses in phytolith production in soils contaminated with Cd. The experiments, separated by soil types (Typic Quartzipsamment, Xanthic Hapludox and Rhodic Hapludox), were conducted in a completely randomized design with a distribution of treatments in a 3 × 4 factorial scheme with three replications. The factors were three grasses ( ) and four concentrations of Cd applied in soils (0, 2, 4 and 12 mg kg ). Grass growth decreased and increased Cd concentration in shoots of grasses with the increased Cd rates in soils. The toxic effect of Cd resulted in production and Cd occlusion in phytoliths produced in shoots of the grasses. Grasses showed potential for phytolith production, independent of soil type, providing phytoextraction of Cd in phytoliths. was the grass with the highest tolerance to Cd, evidenced by higher production and Cd capture in phytoliths for the evaluated soils. Phytolith production by grasses in Cd-contaminated soils is related to genetic and physiological differences of the evaluated grasses and Cd availability in soils.
ISSN:2223-7747
2223-7747
DOI:10.3390/plants9010109